Trial reportOphthalmology. Retina2023
Levodopa Is Associated with Reduced Development of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
Trial report in Ophthalmology. Retina, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Insights into the modulation of age-related macular degeneration: Molecular and systems-level perspectives.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- The impact of systemic long-term medications for the development of age-related macular degeneration.Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Article
- The Role of Dopaminergic Agonists in Geographic Atrophy: Converging Evidence From Clinical and Experimental Data.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Levodopa Suppresses Choroidal Neovascularization Through a Tyrosinase-Dependent Dual Mechanism.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Zinc in eye health, retinal biology and disease.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2025Review
- Targeting neurodegeneration and inflammation with thioredoxin-mimetic peptides.Redox biology · 2025Review
- Sustained Benefit of Short-Term Levodopa Treatment on Inner Retinal Function in Patients With Diabetes.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Hallmarks of aging in age-related macular degeneration and age-related neurological disorders: novel insights into common mechanisms and clinical relevance.Eye (London, England) · 2025Review
- Molecular insights into foveal hypoplasia: development, genetics, mechanisms, and models.Molecular vision · 2025Review
- Different Therapeutic Approaches for Dry and Wet AMD.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Levodopa is associated with reduced development of new-onset geographic atrophy in patients with age-related macular degeneration.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether levodopa (L-DOPA) is associated with a reduced likelihood of developing neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
designThree studies were performed: retrospective analyses in the Vestrum Health Retina Database (#1-2) and case-control analysis in the Merative MarketScan Research Databases (#3).
participantsEyes with neovascular AMD and 2 years of follow-up (#1). Eyes with non-neovascular AMD and 1 to 5 years of follow-up (#2). Patients aged ≥ 55 years with newly diagnosed neovascular AMD matched to controls without neovascular AMD (#3).
methodsEyes were divided into 2 groups (#1-2): exposed to L-DOPA before or on the date of neovascular (#1) or nonneovascular (#2) AMD diagnosis, and eyes not exposed to L-DOPA. We extracted AMD risk factors, number of intravitreal injections (#1), and conversion rate to neovascular AMD (#2). We calculated the percentage of newly diagnosed neovascular AMD cases and matched controls exposed to any L-DOPA and determined the cumulative 2-year dose in grams by tertiles (< 100 mg, approximately 100-300 mg, and approximately > 300 mg per day, #3).
main outcome measuresNumber of intravitreal injections (#1) and detection of new-onset neovascular AMD (#2-3) after adjusting for AMD risk factors.
resultsIn the Vestrum database, eyes with neovascular AMD that were exposed to L-DOPA underwent 1 fewer intravitreal injection over 2 years (N = 84 088 control vs. 530 L-DOPA eyes, P = 0.006). In eyes with nonneovascular AMD (N = 42 081-203 155 control vs. 314-1525 L-DOPA eyes), L-DOPA exposure was associated with a reduced risk of conversion to neovascular AMD by 21% at year 2 (P = 0.029), 35% at years 3 to 4 (P < 0.001), and 28% at year 5 (P = 0.024). In the MarketScan databases (N = 86 900 per group), cumulative 2-year doses of L-DOPA between approximately 100 to 300 mg per day and approximately > 300 mg were associated with decreased odds of developing neovascular AMD by 15% (odds ratio [OR], 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-0.97) and 23% (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.67-0.87), respectively.
conclusionsLevodopa use was associated with reduced detection of new-onset neovascular AMD. A prospective, randomized clinical trial should be considered to investigate whether low-dose L-DOPA reduces neovascular AMD conversion. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.