ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Deciphering the maturation of tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer and inflammatory diseases of the digestive tract using imaging mass cytometry.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prognostic value of the tertiary lymphoid structure in gastrointestinal cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Beyond the barrier: Engineering the tumor-immune-soil nexus-a mechanistic blueprint for integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with immunotherapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Review
- Beyond TLS Presence: A Functional Framework Integrating Maturity, Location, and Immune Context.Cancers · 2026Review
- Modeling development of tertiary lymphoid structures in pulmonary tuberculosis by 3D profiling and trajectory analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The formation and function of tertiary lymphoid structures.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Deciphering immune and cellular reprogramming during the progression from inflammatory bowel disease to colorectal cancer using multi-omics single-cell and spatial transcriptomics.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Intratumoral Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Evidence and Future Directions - a Narrative Review.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2026Review
- Necro-mosaic: a lesion-aware framework for testing programmed cell-death-associated mechanisms in tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Guardians of immunity: the role of tumour-draining lymph node in cancer immunity.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Global trends and knowledge evolution of tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer immunotherapy: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Research progress of tertiary lymphoid structure in hepatocellular carcinoma: from prognostic biomarkers to new strategies for immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in genitourinary cancers: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in cancer: spatiotemporal heterogeneity, immune orchestration, and translational opportunities.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- From Lymphotoxin to Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Beyond.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- In-depth insight into tumor-infiltrating stromal cells linked to tertiary lymphoid structures and their prospective function in cancer immunotherapy.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Systemic Inflammation and the Inflammatory Context of the Colonic Microenvironment Are Improved by Urolithin A.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2025Article
- Automated classification of tertiary lymphoid structures in colorectal cancer using TLS-PAT artificial intelligence tool.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- B cells and tertiary lymphoid structures in tumors: immunity cycle, clinical impact, and therapeutic applications.Theranostics · 2025Review
- Maturation of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Persistent inflammation can promote the development of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within tissues resembling secondary lymphoid organs (SLO) such as lymph nodes (LN). The composition of TLS across different organs and diseases could be of pathophysiological and medical interest. In this work, we compared TLS to SLO in cancers of the digestive tract and in inflammatory bowel diseases. Colorectal and gastric tissues with different inflammatory diseases and cancers from the department of pathology of CHU Brest were analyzed based on 39 markers using imaging mass cytometry (IMC). Unsupervised and supervised clustering analyses of IMC images were used to compare SLO and TLS. Unsupervised analyses tended to group TLS per patient but not per disease. Supervised analyses of IMC images revealed that LN had a more organized structure than TLS and non-encapsulated SLO Peyer's patches. TLS followed a maturation spectrum with close correlations between germinal center (GC) markers' evolution. The correlations between organizational and functional markers made relevant the previously proposed TLS division into three stages: lymphoid-aggregates (LA) (CD20+CD21-CD23-) had neither organization nor GC functionality, non-GC TLS (CD20+CD21+CD23-) were organized but lacked GC's functionality and GC-like TLS (CD20+CD21+CD23+) had GC's organization and functionality. This architectural and functional maturation grading of TLS pointed to differences across diseases. TLS architectural and functional maturation grading is accessible with few markers allowing future diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive studies on the value of TLS grading, quantification and location within pathological tissues in cancers and inflammatory diseases.
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