ReviewAJNR. American journal of neuroradiology2023
Comprehensive Update and Review of Clinical and Imaging Features of SMART Syndrome.
Review in AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Suspected encephalitis in adults.Practical neurology · 2026Review
- Neurological Puzzles After Radiotherapy: Mysterious Clues of Smart Syndrome, Two Case Reports.Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU · 2026Article
- Risk factors and long-term outcomes in smart syndrome: a multicenter study.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Reduced Frequency of Prolonged Sporadic Hemiplegic Migraine Attacks Following Fremanezumab Treatment-A Case Report.European journal of neurology · 2026Article
- Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks After Radiation Therapy (SMART) Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of a Rare Delayed Complication of Cranial Irradiation.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- The role of perfusion CT in the acute diagnosis of SMART syndrome: a case report.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Paroxysmal Neurology: a Guide to Diagnosing Transient Neurologic Dysfunction in Adults and Adolescents.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Stroke-like migraine attack after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome in a pediatric patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: illustrative case.Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons · 2025Article
- Resolution of Refractory Status Epilepticus With Ketamine Without Intubation in a Patient With Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks After Radiation Therapy (SMART) Syndrome.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2025Article
- Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in the Diagnosis of Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy Syndrome: A Case Report.Advances in radiation oncology · 2024Article
- Article
- Unexpected Cerebral Hyperperfusion after Transient Hypoperfusion Associated with Stroke-like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy Syndrome.NMC case report journal · 2024Article
- Prosopagnosia: face blindness and its association with neurological disorders.Brain communications · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- RetractedRetraction.2025
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a delayed complication of cranial irradiation, with subacute onset of stroke-like symptoms including seizures, visual disturbance, speech impairment, unilateral hemianopsia, facial droop, and aphasia, often associated with migraine-type headache. The diagnostic criteria were initially proposed in 2006. However, the diagnosis of SMART syndrome is challenging because clinical symptoms and imaging features of SMART syndrome are indeterminate and overlap with tumor recurrence and other neurologic diseases, which may result in inappropriate clinical management and unnecessary invasive diagnostic procedures. Recently, various imaging features and treatment recommendations for SMART syndrome have been reported. Radiologists and clinicians should be familiar with updates on clinical and imaging features of this delayed radiation complication because recognition of this entity can facilitate proper clinical work-up and management. This review provides current updates and a comprehensive overview of the clinical and imaging features of SMART syndrome.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.