ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2023
Risk of malignant lymphomas in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based cohort study.
Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of Hematologic Malignancies in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Gut and liver · 2024Pooled it
- Infliximab Monotherapy Versus Infliximab and Azathioprine Combination Therapy in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Gender-stratified analysis of sepsis mortality in cancer: a 45-year population-based cohort study.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Article
- Leucine, autoimmune diseases, and circulating mediators shape the causal landscape of lymphoid malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Temporal trends in surgical treatment of inflammatory bowel disease following introduction of biological drugs in Norway and Sweden.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Estimating cancer risk in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases exposed to varying doses of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors.Journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Persistent adrenocortical insufficiency before and after treatment of lymphoma with marked adrenal enlargement - a case series.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Biologics Versus JAK Inhibitors. Part I: Cancer Risk. A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2024Review
- Epidemiologic Associations Between Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Hodgkin Lymphoma or Multiple Sclerosis.Gastro hep advances · 2024Article
- Review
- Synchronous multiple primary cancers involving rectal cancer and pelvic classical hodgkin lymphoma: the first case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
designWe undertook a two-country population cohort study with all patients diagnosed with IBD in Norway and Sweden from 1987 and 1993 through 2015 and 2016, respectively, and analysed the risk of NHL and HL. In Sweden, we also analysed prescriptions of thiopurines and anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α therapy from 2005. We calculated standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% CIs using the general populations as reference.
resultsAmong 131 492 patients with IBD with a medium follow-up of 9.6 years, we identified 369 cases of NHL and 44 cases of HL. The SIR of NHL was 1.3 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.5) in ulcerative colitis and 1.4 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.7) in Crohn's disease. We found no compelling heterogeneity in analyses stratified by patient characteristics. We found a similar pattern and magnitude of excess risks for HL. At 10 years, cumulative incidence was 0.26% (95% CI 0.23% to 0.30%) and 0.06% (95% CI 0.04% to 0.08%) for NHL and HL, respectively. Higher excess risks were found among patients with NHL with concomitant primary sclerosing cholangitis (SIR 3.4; 95% CI 2.1 to 5.2) and in those prescribed thiopurines alone (SIR 2.8; 95% CI 1.4 to 5.7) or with anti-TNF-α agents (SIR 5.7; 95% CI 2.7 to 11.9).
conclusionPatients with IBD have a statistically significant increased risk of malignant lymphomas compared with the general population, but the absolute risk remains low.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.