ArticleJournal of hepatocellular carcinoma2023
Lenvatinib Induces Immunogenic Cell Death and Triggers Toll-Like Receptor-3/4 Ligands in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Article in Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rechallenge with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.Liver cancer · 2026Review
- Combination of exosome vaccines, lenvatinib, and anti-PD-1 eradicates tumor in autochthonous hepatocellular carcinoma mice.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Cuproptosis: potential new direction in liver-related diseases research and treatment.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Targeting pattern recognition receptors for cancer therapy: Mechanisms and strategies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- PCK1 and ALDH1A1 are identified as biomarkers for inherent drug resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Lenvatinib enhances antitumor immunity of anti-PD-1 antibody.International journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma: signaling pathways and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Comparative transcriptomic and genomic analysis of tumor cells in the marginal and center regions of tumor nests in human hepatocellular carcinoma.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition leads to regression of acral melanoma by targeting the tumor microenvironment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Review
- Programmed cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic prospects.Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition leads to regression of acral melanoma by targeting the tumor microenvironment.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- The Tumor Microenvironment Mediates the HIF-1α/PD-L1 Pathway to Promote Immune Escape in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Targeting AXL induces tumor-intrinsic immunogenic response in tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant liver cancer.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- New Opportunities in the Systemic Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Today and Tomorrow.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Integration of Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Bulk RNA Sequencing to Identify an Immunogenic Cell Death-Related 5-Gene Prognostic Signature in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Journal of hepatocellular carcinoma · 2024Article
- Roles of clinical application of lenvatinib and its resistance mechanism in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (Review).American journal of cancer research · 2024Review
- Beclin-1: a therapeutic target at the intersection of autophagy, immunotherapy, and cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a cell death modality that plays a vital role in anticancer therapy. In this study, we investigated whether lenvatinib induces ICD in hepatocellular carcinoma and how it affects cancer cell behavior. Patients and Methods: Hepatoma cells were treated with 0.5 μM lenvatinib for two weeks, and damage-associated molecular patterns were assessed using the expression of calreticulin, high mobility group box 1, and ATP secretion. Transcriptome sequencing was performed to investigate the effects of lenvatinib on hepatocellular carcinoma. Additionally, CU CPT 4A and TAK-242 were used to inhibit Results: After treatment with lenvatinib, there was a significant increase in ICD-associated damage-associated molecular patterns, such as calreticulin on the cell membrane, extracellular ATP, and high mobility group box 1, in hepatoma cells. Following treatment with lenvatinib, there was a significant increase in the downstream immunogenic cell death receptors, including TLR3 and TLR4. Furthermore, lenvatinib increased the expression of PD-L1, which was later inhibited by TLR4. Interestingly, inhibiting Conclusion: Our study revealed that lenvatinib induced ICD in hepatocellular carcinoma and upregulated
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.