ArticleStroke and vascular neurology2023
Enhanced liver X receptor signalling reduces brain injury and promotes tissue regeneration following experimental intracerebral haemorrhage: roles of microglia/macrophages.
Article in Stroke and vascular neurology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid droplets as redox-active organelles after spinal cord injury: lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation.Redox report : communications in free radical research · 2026Review
- Failed resolution of inflammation in intracerebral haemorrhage.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- CTSS regulates macrophage lipid metabolic reprogramming and white matter repair after intracerebral hemorrhage.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Macrophage immunometabolism in stroke: a view from single-cell and nano technologies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Microglial handling of myelin debris and remyelination after ischaemic stroke: recognition, intracellular processing, lipid fate, and oligodendroglial repair.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Targeted deletion of EMMPRIN in microglia/macrophages mitigates neuronal death in intracerebral hemorrhage.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Article
- Apelin-13 Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage via Targeting the Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Cholesterol metabolism on stem cell fate determination: a frontier horizon.Stem cell research & therapy · 2025Review
- Innate immune cell LXR-β deficiency exacerbates hepatic injury and fibrosis in murine models of primary sclerosing cholangitis.Liver research (Beijing, China) · 2025Article
- Brain proteome changes after intracerebral hemorrhage in aged male and female mice.Neurobiology of disease · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility within one month of mouse intracerebral hemorrhage.iScience · 2025Article
- Lipid metabolism, remodelling and intercellular transfer in the CNS.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2025Review
- Therapeutic reduction of neurocan in murine intracerebral hemorrhage lesions promotes oligodendrogenesis and functional recovery.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Role of damage-associated molecular patterns in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of traumatic brain injury.Burns & trauma · 2025Review
- Spermidine Exerts Neuroprotective Effects Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice Through Anti-Inflammation and Blood-Brain Barrier Protection.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- LXR agonism for CNS diseases: promises and challenges.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Prominent elevation of extracellular matrix molecules in intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundInflammation-exacerbated secondary brain injury and limited tissue regeneration are barriers to favourable prognosis after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). As a regulator of inflammation and lipid metabolism, Liver X receptor (LXR) has the potential to alter microglia/macrophage (M/M) phenotype, and assist tissue repair by promoting cholesterol efflux and recycling from phagocytes. To support potential clinical translation, the benefits of enhanced LXR signalling are examined in experimental ICH.
methodsCollagenase-induced ICH mice were treated with the LXR agonist GW3965 or vehicle. Behavioural tests were conducted at multiple time points. Lesion and haematoma volume, and other brain parameters were assessed using multimodal MRI with T2-weighted, diffusion tensor imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI sequences. The fixed brain cryosections were stained and confocal microscopy was applied to detect LXR downstream genes, M/M phenotype, lipid/cholesterol-laden phagocytes, oligodendrocyte lineage cells and neural stem cells. Western blot and real-time qPCR were also used. CX3CR1
resultsGW3965 treatment reduced lesion volume and white matter injury, and promoted haematoma clearance. Treated mice upregulated LXR downstream genes including ABCA1 and Apolipoprotein E, and had reduced density of M/M that apparently shifted from proinflammatory interleukin-1β
conclusionsLXR agonism using GW3965 reduced brain injury, promoted beneficial properties of M/M and facilitated tissue repair correspondent with enhanced cholesterol recycling.
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