ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2024
Gene-Expression Profiling to Decipher Breast Cancer Inter- and Intratumor Heterogeneity.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Combined With Chemotherapy for Mammary Paget's Disease With Multifocal Heterogeneous Breast Cancer: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Multiple distinct metastatic cell states are induced by epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- SYNTHESIS-Breast: A prospective early-phase trial of a genetic-interaction- focused computational algorithm in advanced metastatic breast cancer.Research square · 2026Article
- Explainable machine learning-guided integrated multiomics analysis reveals macrophage-driven immune suppression in breast cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Risk Factors Influencing Efficacy and Prognosis Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy in Triple-Positive Breast Cancer.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Multidimensional tumor heterogeneity and its role in therapeutic resistance.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- ALKBH7 and NLRP3 Co-Expression: A Potential Prognostic and Immunometabolic Marker Set in Breast Cancer Subtypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cell populations in human breast cancers are molecularly and biologically distinct with age.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Expression of carcinoma ecotypes in the tumor microenvironment predicts response to neoadjuvant therapy in early-stage breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Construction and validation of acetylation-related gene signatures for immune landscape analysis and prognostication risk prediction in luminal breast cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Article
- Differential Expression of Epstein-Barr Virus Sequences in Various Breast Cancer Subtypes.Genes · 2025Article
- Innovative Approaches in the Synthesis and Optimization of Copper Complexes for Antitumor Therapies: A Comprehensive Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of ITH on PRAD patients and feasibility analysis of the positive correlation gene MYLK2 applied to PRAD treatment.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Characterization of intrinsic subtypes of breast cancer and their relationship with staging: an observational study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Breast Cancer.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- Advancing precision and personalized breast cancer treatment through multi-omics technologies.American journal of cancer research · 2024Review
- Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Breast Cancer: 21st Century Advances, Gaps to Address through Interdisciplinary Science.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is heterogeneous and differs substantially across different tumors (intertumor heterogeneity) and even within an individual tumor (intratumor heterogeneity). Gene-expression profiling has considerably impacted our understanding of breast cancer biology. Four main "intrinsic subtypes" of breast cancer (i.e., luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like) have been consistently identified by gene expression, showing significant prognostic and predictive value in multiple clinical scenarios. Thanks to the molecular profiling of breast tumors, breast cancer is a paradigm of treatment personalization. Several standardized prognostic gene-expression assays are presently being used in the clinic to guide treatment decisions. Moreover, the development of single-cell-level resolution molecular profiling has allowed us to appreciate that breast cancer is also heterogeneous within a single tumor. There is an evident functional heterogeneity within the neoplastic and tumor microenvironment cells. Finally, emerging insights from these studies suggest a substantial cellular organization of neoplastic and tumor microenvironment cells, thus defining breast cancer ecosystems and highlighting the importance of spatial localizations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.