Trial reportThe Angle orthodontist2023
Efficacy of aloe vera and probiotic mouthwashes vs fluoride mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans in plaque around brackets of orthodontic patients: a randomized clinical trial.
Trial report in The Angle orthodontist, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Post-processing effects of Aloe vera on biofilm formation and physical properties of 3D-printed dental resins.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Advanced biomaterials for targeting mature biofilms in periodontitis therapy.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Review
- Investigating the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo compare efficacy of aloe vera and probiotic mouthwashes vs fluoride mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in the plaque of orthodontic patients and to assess patient-reported outcomes and compliance. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis prospective randomized clinical trial included 90 patients aged 12-35 years and in permanent dentition, who were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to three mouthwash groups: aloe vera, probiotic, or fluoride. Smartphone-based applications were used to improve patient compliance. The primary outcome was the change in S. mutans levels in plaque between two times: pre-intervention and after 30 days using real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). Secondary outcomes were the evaluation of patient-reported outcomes and compliance.
resultsMean differences between aloe vera vs probiotic: -0.53 (95% CI: -3.57 to 2.51), aloe vera vs fluoride: -1.99 (95% CI, -4.8 to 0.82), and probiotic vs fluoride: -1.46 (95% CI: -4.74 to 1.82) were not significant, P = .467. Intragroup comparison demonstrated a significant mean difference in all three groups of -0.67 (95% CI: -0.79 to -0.55), -1.27 (95% CI: -1.57 to -0.97), and -2.23 (95% CI: -2.44 to -2.00) respectively, P < .001. Adherence was above 95% in all groups. No significant differences in frequency of responses to patient-reported outcomes were found among groups.
conclusionsNo significant difference in efficacy among the three mouthwashes in reducing S. mutans level in plaque was found. Patient-reported assessments concerning burning sensation, taste, and tooth staining found no significant differences among mouthwashes. Smartphone-based applications can help improve patient compliance.
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Registered trials
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