Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37133773›Full record

ArticleEating and weight disorders : EWD2023

Healthy orthorexia vs. orthorexia nervosa: Italian validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS).

Giorgio Falgares, Giulia Costanzo, Giovanna Manna, Daniela Marchetti, Juan Ramón Barrada, María Roncero, Maria Cristina Verrocchio, Sonia Ingoglia

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In one paragraph

Article in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Psychological distress, body image, and nutritional status during hospitalization for gynecological cancer surgery: a prospective observational study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Giorgio FalgaresDepartment of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4387-7393
Giulia CostanzoDepartment of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2202-820X
Giovanna MannaDepartment of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy. giovanna.manna@unipa.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9396-9870
Daniela MarchettiDepartment of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3745-4562
Juan Ramón BarradaDepartamento de Psicología y Sociología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-6277
María RonceroDepartamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4213-3106
Maria Cristina VerrocchioDepartment of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2549-1152
Sonia IngogliaDepartment of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7272-7976

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeOrthorexia nervosa (OrNe) is a potentially pathological condition characterized by a fixation on healthy diet. An increasing number of studies have been conducted on this mental preoccupation, but the validity and reliability of some of the psychometric instruments employed in its assessment are still under debate. Among these measures, the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) seems to be promising, given that it allows to differentiate between OrNe and other non-problematic forms of interest with healthy eating, named as healthy orthorexia (HeOr). The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of an Italian version of the TOS, by testing its factorial structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity.

methodThrough an online survey, we recruited 782 participants from different regions of Italy, asking them to complete the following self-report instruments: TOS, EHQ, EDI-3, OCI-R, and BSI-18. From the initial sample, 144 participants agreed to complete a second TOS administration 2 weeks later.

resultsData confirmed the validity of the 2-correlated factors structure of the TOS. The questionnaire also showed good reliability, both in terms of internal consistency and temporal stability. With regard to the TOS validity, results showed that OrNe was significantly and positively associated with measures of psychopathology and psychological distress, while HeOr showed no correlations or negative associations with the above-mentioned measures.

conclusionBased on these results, the TOS can be considered a promising measure for the assessment of both pathological and non-problematic forms of orthorexic eating behavior also in Italian population. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.

Indexed as

Feeding and Eating DisordersOrthorexia NervosaCross-Sectional StudiesDiet, HealthyFeeding BehaviorHealth BehaviorHumansReproducibility of ResultsSurveys and QuestionnairesEating disordersHealthy orthorexiaItalian validationOrthorexia nervosaTeruel Orthorexia Scale

Identifiers

PMID37133773
PMCPMC10155145

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.