ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2023
Cost of bladder cancer in Lebanon before and after the economic collapse: a probabilistic modeling study.
Article in International journal for equity in health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social alienation among people with bladder cancer: A combined structural equation modeling and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis.Asia-Pacific journal of oncology nursing · 2026Article
- The impact of socioeconomic crisis on cancer patient outcomes in Lebanon, 2018-2020.Journal of comparative effectiveness research · 2026Article
- Bladder Cancer in Lebanon: An Updated Epidemiological Comparison with Global Regions and a Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterReview
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesLebanon has one of the highest incidence rates of bladder cancer (BC) in the world. In 2019, Lebanon's economy collapsed which majorly impacted healthcare costs and coverage. This study assesses the overall direct costs of urothelial BC in Lebanon, from the perspective of public and private third-party payers (TPP) and households, and evaluates the impact of the economic collapse on these costs.
methodsThis was a quantitative, incidence-based cost-of-illness study, conducted using a macro-costing approach. Costs of medical procedures were obtained from the records of various TPPs and the Ministry of Public Health. We modeled the clinical management processes for each stage of BC, and conducted probabilistic sensitivity analyses to estimate and compare the cost of each stage, pre-and post-collapse, and for each payer category.
resultsBefore the collapse, the total annual cost of BC in Lebanon was estimated at LBP 19,676,494,000 (USD 13,117,662). Post-collapse, the total annual cost of BC in Lebanon increased by 768% and was estimated at LBP 170,727,187,000 (USD 7,422,921). TPP payments increased by 61% whereas out-of-pocket (OOP) payments increased by 2,745% resulting in a decrease in TPP coverage to only 17% of total costs.
conclusionOur study shows that BC in Lebanon constitutes a significant economic burden costing 0.32% of total health expenditures. The economic collapse induced an increase of 768% in the total annual cost, and a catastrophic increase in OOP payments.
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