SynthesisPloS one2023
Treatment failure and associated factors among people living with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy in mainland China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virologic failure and its determinants among HIV patients progress towards the third 95% global target in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence and determinants of virologic failure among HIV patients on ART in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of HIV-1 low-level viremia on virologic and immunologic failure during antiretroviral therapy: a retrospective cohort study from 2005 to 2023 in Qinzhou City, Guangxi, China.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Effect of rapid antiretroviral therapy initiation on loss to follow-up, virologic failure, and immunologic failure among people living with HIV under the treat-all policy in China: a retrospective cohort study (2016-2023).Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of a Novel Risk Calculator to Predict Sub-optimal HIV Outcomes Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women with HIV in Kenya.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Predictors of virological outcomes in patients with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Osogbo, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Effect of Machine Learning on Risk Stratification for Antiretroviral Treatment Failure in People Living with HIV.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- The iron group transition-metal (Fe, Ru, Os) coordination of Se-doped graphitic carbon (Se@g-CRSC advances · 2023Article
- Virologic and Immunological Failure and Associated Factors Among Adults Living With HIV on HAART at Jimma Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveReducing the prevalence of treatment failure among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is crucial for improving individual health and reducing disease burden. This study aimed to assess existing evidence on treatment failure and its associated factors among PLHIV in mainland China.
methodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, WanFang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and SinoMed databases. Relevant studies on treatment failure among PLHIV in mainland China until September 2022 were searched, including cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies. The primary outcome was treatment failure, and secondary outcomes were the potential influencing factors of treatment failure. We performed a meta-analysis to pool each outcome of interest, including meta-regression, subgroup, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses.
resultsA total of 81 studies were deemed eligible and included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled treatment failure prevalence among PLHIV in mainland China was 14.40% (95% confidence interval [CI]:12.30-16.63), of which the virological and immunological failure prevalence was 10.53% (95%CI:8.51-12.74) and 18.75% (95%CI:15.44-22.06), respectively. The treatment failure prevalence before and after 2016 was 18.96% (95%CI:13.84-24.67) and 13.19% (95%CI:10.91-15.64). Factors associated with treatment failure included good treatment adherence (odds ratio [OR] = 0.36, 95%CI:0.26-0.51), baseline CD4 counts>200 cells/μL (OR = 0.39, 95%CI:0.21-0.75), HAART regimens containing Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) (OR = 0.70, 95%CI:0.54-0.92), WHO clinical stage III/IV (OR = 2.02, 95%CI:1.14-3.59) and age≥40 years (OR = 1.56, 95%CI:1.23-1.97).
conclusionThe prevalence of treatment failure among PLHIV receiving HAART in mainland China was low and tended to decline. Poor adherence, low baseline CD4 count, HAART regimens without TDF, advanced clinical stage, and old age were contributing factors for treatment failure. Relevant intervention programs are needed with increasing treatment adherence through behavioral intervention or precise intervention targeting older adults.
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