Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37129639›Full record

ArticleTropical animal health and production2023

Toxoplasma gondii infection in Egyptian domestic sheep and goats: seroprevalence and risk factors.

Abdelfattah Selim, Mohamed Marzok, Ayed Alshammari, Omar A Al-Jabr, Mohamed Salem, Majed H Wakid

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Tropical animal health and production, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Seroprevalence and associated risk factors ofVeterinary and animal science · 2026
    Article
  2. Seroprevalence ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026
    Article
  3. Seroprevalence ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025
    Article
  4. High Seroprevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Molecular Prevalence and Genotyping ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Seroprevalence Assessment and Risk Factor Analysis ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024
    Article
  10. Detection ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Abdelfattah SelimDepartment of Animal Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, 13736, Egypt. Abdelfattah.selim@fvtm.bu.edu.eg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0211-2853
Mohamed MarzokDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia. mmarzok@kfu.edu.sa.
Ayed AlshammariDepartment of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin, Saudi Arabia.
Omar A Al-JabrDepartment of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Asha, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Mohamed SalemDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Majed H WakidDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Toxoplasma gondii is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite that has been associated with reproductive failure in small ruminants. Although T. gondii infections in ruminants and humans have been recorded in several Egypt's governorates, but little is known about the risk factors associated with T. gondii infections. In this study, 350 sheep and 290 goat serum samples from three governorates in Egypt were examined for presence of antibodies against T. gondii, and evaluate the associate risk factors for the infection. The seroprevalence in sheep and goats was 24% and 38.28%, respectively. In sheep and goats, age, sex, the presence of cats, and hygienic conditions were identified as risk factors for T. gondii infection. In addition, the prevalence rates were significantly higher in older animals more than 2 years old, females, among animals contacted with cats, and animals living in bad hygienic condition. In conclusion, sheep and goats in the examined regions are commonly infected with T. gondii. The identification of risk variables defines the sort of actions to be implemented in order to decrease, and prevent T. gondii infection in small ruminant animals and, as a result, human infection.

Indexed as

Goat DiseasesSheep DiseasesToxoplasmaToxoplasmosis, AnimalAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanEgyptFemaleGoatsHumansRisk FactorsRuminantsSeroepidemiologic StudiesSheepSheep, DomesticAntibodies, ProtozoanEgyptELISAPrevalenceRisk factorsSmall ruminantsToxoplasma gondii

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.