ArticleVirology journal2023
Peripheral blood lymphocytes influence human papillomavirus infection and clearance: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Virology journal, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- The impact of gut microbiota on cervical cancer and precancerous lesions: neglected status, mechanisms, challenges, and a call to action.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Decreased CD8+ T Lymphocytes is an Independent Influencing Factor for Persistent HR-HPV Infection.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Clinical and hematological factors associated with neurological involvement in spinal tuberculosis: a retrospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Risk Factors Associated with Expectant Management in CIN 1/2: A Multicenter Real-World Cohort Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- NK cells in HPV-related tumorigenesis: mechanisms and clinical applications.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is a close correlation between HPV infection and systemic immune status. The purpose of this study was to determine which lymphocytes in peripheral blood influence human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and to identify whether peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) subsets could be used as biomarkers to predict HPV clearance in the short term.
methodsThis study involved 716 women undergoing colposcopy from 2019 to 2021. Logistic and Cox regression were used to analyze the association of PBLs with HPV infection and clearance. Using Cox regression, bidirectional stepwise regression and the Akaike information criterion (AIC), lymphocyte prediction models were developed, with the C-index assessing performance. ROC analysis determined optimal cutoff values, and their accuracy for HPV clearance risk stratification was evaluated via Kaplan‒Meier and time-dependent ROC. Bootstrap resampling validated the model and cutoff values.
resultsLower CD4 + T cells were associated with a higher risk of HPV, high-risk HPV, HPV18 and HPV52 infections, with corresponding ORs (95% CI) of 1.58 (1.16-2.15), 1.71 (1.23-2.36), 2.37 (1.12-5.02), and 3.67 (1.78-7.54), respectively. PBL subsets mainly affect the natural clearance of HPV, but their impact on postoperative HPV outcomes is not significant (P > 0.05). Lower T-cell and CD8 + T-cell counts, as well as a higher NK cell count, are unfavorable factors for natural HPV clearance (P < 0.05). The optimal cutoff values determined by the PBL prognostic model (T-cell percentage: 67.39%, NK cell percentage: 22.65%, CD8 + T-cell model risk score: 0.95) can effectively divide the population into high-risk and low-risk groups, accurately predicting the natural clearance of HPV. After internal validation with bootstrap resampling, the above conclusions still hold.
conclusionsCD4 + T cells were important determinants of HPV infection. T cells, NK cells, and CD8 + T cells can serve as potential biomarkers for predicting natural HPV clearance, which can aid in patient risk stratification, individualized treatment, and follow-up management.
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