ArticleEuropean heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology2023
Electrical storm management in structural heart disease.
Article in European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Continuous stellate ganglion block for ventricular arrhythmias: case series, systematic review, and differences from thoracic epidural anaesthesia.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2024Pooled it
- Neural-immune-cardiovascular axis: from mechanistic crosstalk to therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Stellate ganglion block efficacy during electrical storm reproduced by hypnotic communication: a case report.European heart journal. Case reports · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Review of a Mechanism-Based Ventricular Electrical Storm Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Stellate Ganglion Block to Increase Defibrillation Effectiveness in Acute Fulminant Myocarditis-Induced Refractory Ventricular Fibrillation.JACC. Case reports · 2025Article
- The role of antiarrhythmic drugs and stellate ganglion block in the acute management of electrical storm.European heart journal supplements : journal of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025Article
- Electrical storm caused by sertraline overdose: case report.AME case reports · 2025Article
- Pre-ablation and Post-ablation Factors Influencing the Prognosis of Patients with Electrical Storm Treated by Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation: An Update.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Vagal nerve stimulation in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: from bench to bedside.Bioelectronic medicine · 2024Review
- ECMO for drug-refractory electrical storm without a reversible trigger: a retrospective multicentric observational study.ESC heart failure · 2024Observational
- Electrical storm treatment by percutaneous stellate ganglion block: the STAR study.European heart journal · 2024Observational
- The Intrinsic Cardiac Nervous System: From Pathophysiology to Therapeutic Implications.Biology · 2024Review
- Life-Threatening Electrical Storm Following Liver Transplantation: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2024Article
- Intraoperative Ultrasound-Guided Left Stellate Ganglion Block for Postcardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock: A Shelter from the Storm.Annals of cardiac anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Neuronal sympathetic block for ventricular arrhythmias: one size may not fit all.Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology : journal of the working groups on cardiac pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac cellular electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Electrical storm (ES) is a life-threatening condition characterized by at least three separate episodes of ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) over 24 h, each requiring therapeutic intervention, including implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapies. Patients with ICDs in secondary prevention are at higher risk of ES and the most common presentation is that of scar-related monomorphic VAs. Electrical storm represents a major unfavourable prognostic marker in the history of patients with structural heart disease, with an associated two- to five-fold increase in mortality, heart transplant, and heart failure hospitalization. Early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial to improve the outcome. Yet, ES management is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach and well-defined protocols and networks to guarantee a proper patient care. Acute phase stabilization should include a comprehensive clinical assessment, resuscitation and sedation management skills, ICD reprogramming, and acute sympathetic modulation, while the sub-acute/chronic phase requires a comprehensive heart team evaluation to define the better treatment option according to the haemodynamic and overall patient's condition and the type of VAs. Advanced anti-arrhythmic strategies, not mutually exclusive, include invasive ablation, cardiac sympathetic denervation, and, for very selected cases, stereotactic ablation. Each of these aspects, as well as the new European Society of Cardiology guidelines recommendations, will be discussed in the present review.
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