ArticleFrontiers in oncology2023
Emerging trends of BCG immunotherapy for bladder cancer in last decade: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond the BCG Paradox: Biological Rationale and Clinical Evidence for Combining Intravesical BCG with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in High-Risk Non-muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer.Oncology and therapy · 2026Review
- Targeting Cancers with Microrobots and Bacteriobots.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer: from mechanistic insights to emerging combination frontlines.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: One of the milestones in bacterial-mediated therapy for cancer, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) has been used to treat bladder cancer (BC) for more than 30 years. BCG immunotherapy is now the standard of care for high-grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) following transurethral resection. Methods: We searched the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC) database and used bibliometric methods through CiteSpace (version 5.1.R6), VOSviewer (version 1.6.18) and R-Bibliometrix (version R 4.2.1) to analyze and discuss the current status and trends of BCG therapy of BC from 2012 to 2021 in terms of co-occurrence, co-polymerization and visualization. Results: A total of 2476 publications were found, with the majority coming from the United States and China. Over the last decade, overall yearly outputs have increased fivefold, from 117 papers in 2012 to 534 records in 2021. Most publications were produced by the University of Texas System. The authors, Ashish M. Kamat of the University of Texas-MD Anderson Cancer Center in the United States, and Shahrokh F. Shariat of Weill Cornell Medical College, were pioneers in this field with the most publications. The journals, Urologic Oncology Seminars and Original Investigations, Cancers and Frontiers in Oncology, have published a dramatic increase in the number of articles, and tumor and urology nephrology research directions have received the most attention from journals. Furthermore, recent research has concentrated on muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). BCG therapy mechanism, BCG dose and strains, targeted therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for BC were attractive research contents, with ICIs (PD-1, PD-L1) being the most popular study point in recent years. With more research on tumor immunology, screening for more reliable biomarkers for precision treatment, and the development of combination regimens of ICIs, targeted treatment of BC stem cells, and personalized BC therapies may be promising areas of immunotherapy research in the coming years. Conclusion: The results of this bibliometric study can provide the current status and research trends of BCG therapy for BC in the last decade, and also further complements the research content of bacterial-mediated cancer therapy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.