ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Urbanicity and cognitive functioning in later life.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Young adult urbanicity, late midlife neighborhood disadvantage, and cognitive functioning in community-dwelling older men.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Neighborhood Environment and Late-Life Cognition: Exploring the Mediating Effect of Sleep and Differential Pathways by Race.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Contextualizing cognition: Socio-environmental factors shape how momentary stress predicts memory.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Mapping inequalities in the health of older adults around the world: Heterogeneities in cognitive and physical functioning.Vienna yearbook of population research · 2025Article
- Investigating dynamic brain functional redundancy as a mechanism of cognitive reserve.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- Urbanicity and cognitive functioning in later life.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
- A fresh look at the multi-level social determinants of disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: Prior research has shown disparities in cognitive functioning across the rural-urban continuum. We examine individual- and contextual-level factors to understand how and why urbanicity shapes cognitive functioning across older adulthood. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample from 1996 to 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and growth curve models, we assess urban-suburban-exurban differences in older adult cognitive functioning. Results: Results demonstrate that older adult men and women living in exurban areas, and older adult men in suburban areas, have lower cognitive functioning scores compared to their urban peers. Educational attainment and marital status contribute to but do not fully explain these differences. There were no differences in the trajectory over age, suggesting that urbanicity disparities in cognition occur earlier in life, with average differences remaining the same across older adulthood. Discussion: Differences in cognitive functioning across urbanicity are likely due to factors accumulating prior to older adulthood.
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