ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence reports2023
Associations between prescription stimulant use as prescribed, nonmedical use, and illicit stimulant use among adults evaluated for substance use treatment, 2017-2021.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Longitudinal associations between frequency and recency of nonmedical prescription stimulant use in adolescence and cocaine use in young adulthood.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Opioid and stimulant co-prescribing: our efforts and remaining open questions-authors' reply.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- Substance Use Patterns and Characteristics Using Real World Data from Adolescents Assessed for Substance Use and Treatment Planning-United States, 2017-2021.Substance use & misuse · 2024Article
- DSM-5 Stimulant Use Disorder Severity, Stimulant Craving, and Other Clinical Characteristics Based on Stimulant Type (Cocaine, Methamphetamine, Nonmedical Prescription Stimulants, or Polystimulants).Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Limited data exist on risk factors for illicit stimulant use, including associations between prescription stimulant use/nonmedical use (NMU) and illicit stimulant use. Methods: We used 2017-2021 data from adults assessed for substance use disorder (SUD) treatment using the National Addictions Vigilance Intervention and Prevention Program Addiction Severity Index-Multimedia Version® tool. Multivariable Poisson regression models analyzed associations between past 30-day prescription stimulant use as prescribed or NMU and past 30-day illicit stimulant use. Separate models examined past 30-day illicit stimulant, methamphetamine, and cocaine use. We explored problem severity across seven biopsychosocial domains (e.g., drug, psychiatric, family) by past 30-day prescription stimulant use/NMU and illicit stimulant use. Results: Among 218,981 assessments, 1.8% reported prescription stimulant NMU; 1.6% reported use as prescribed. Past 30-day prescription stimulant NMU (vs. no use) was associated with past 30-day illicit stimulant use (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] [95% CI]: 2.67 [2.59, 2.75]), methamphetamine use (aPR: 2.81 [2.71, 2.92]), and cocaine use (aPR: 3.53 [3.33, 3.74]). Prescription stimulant use as prescribed (vs. no use) was associated with lower prevalence of past 30-day illicit stimulant use. Assessments reporting prescription stimulant NMU (vs. no use, or use as prescribed) appeared more likely to have moderate-to-extreme problem scores across biopsychosocial domains, indicating greater need for treatment or assistance. Assessments reporting prescription stimulant use as prescribed or NMU frequently reported opioids, alcohol, or other substances as their primary substance problem. Conclusions: Adults using illicit stimulants/nonmedically using prescription stimulants may benefit from care addressing polysubstance use, mental health, social, and recovery support services.
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Registered trials
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