Comparison of patients' perceptions of family physicians' patient-centeredness between virtual and in-person clinical encounters: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: A clinician's patient-centeredness is a core construct of quality healthcare and is associated with several positive patient outcomes. This study aimed to compare patient-perceived patient centeredness between in-person and virtual clinical encounters during the coronavirus pandemic. Materials and Methods: Participants completed an online anonymous questionnaire pertaining to a recent clinical encounter. Patients of an academic family medicine teaching clinic scheduled for either an in-person or a virtual clinical encounter were recruited by phone over a two-month period. Using the patient-centered clinical method as a conceptual framework, patient-perceived patient centeredness was measured by the Patient-Perceived Patient-Centeredness Questionnaire-Revised (PPPC-R), consisting of 18 items that reflect three factors (healthcare process, context and relationship, and roles). Results: The sample consisted of 72 participants. There was no difference in the PPPC-R scores between participants who received in-person and those who received virtual care. However, the mean ranks for the PPPC-R total score and for all three factors were higher for participants who saw a family physician compared to participants who saw a family medicine learner. Conclusion: Family physicians provided similar quality healthcare, measured through a patient-perceived patient-centeredness lens, via both virtual and in-person appointments. These results support sustaining virtual care when deemed appropriate by both patient and clinician.