ArticleExperimental & molecular medicine2023
Sex differences in the progression of glucose metabolism dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease.
Article in Experimental & molecular medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex differences inFrontiers in dementia · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of the mHealth Supportive Care Program for Family Caregivers of Individuals With Dementia and Diabetes: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- Energy stress activates AMPK to suppress ferroptosis in neurodegenerative proteinopathies.International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Article
- HyperpolarizedResearch square · 2026Article
- Sex differences in brain glucose metabolism and Alzheimer's disease risk and progression.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- Imaging Genomics Across Primate Species: Advancing Understanding of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factor APOE4 Exerts Dimorphic Effects on Female Bone.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Neurovascular-metabolic dysregulation, metabolic connectomics, and metabolic functional changes in Alzheimer's disease: A preclinical and clinical comparison.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Traumatic brain injury exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction in APP/PS1 knock-in mice through time-dependent pathways.Experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Dysregulated glucose metabolism in the visual cortex of human subjects with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Perimenopausal state oestradiol to progesterone imbalance drives Alzheimer's risk via ERRα dysregulation and energy dyshomeostasis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Traumatic brain injury exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction in APP/PS1 knock-in mice through time-dependent pathways.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in the Association of Cerebral Blood Flow and Glucose Metabolism in Normative Aging.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Article
- Sex chromosomes and sex hormones differently shape microglial properties during normal physiological conditions in the adult mouse hippocampus.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Spatial and single-nucleus transcriptomic analysis of genetic and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Blood-derived mitochondrial DNA copy number is associated with Alzheimer disease, Alzheimer-related biomarkers and serum metabolites.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Altered metabolism and DAM-signatures in female brains and microglia with aging.Brain research · 2024Article
- Involvement of Glucosamine 6 Phosphate Isomerase 2 (GNPDA2) Overproduction in β-Amyloid- and Tau P301L-Driven Pathomechanisms.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Sex Differences in Conversion Risk from Mild Cognitive Impairment to Alzheimer's Disease: An Explainable Machine Learning Study with Random Survival Forests and SHAP.Brain sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by amyloid plaques and impaired brain metabolism. Because women have a higher prevalence of AD than men, sex differences are of great interest. Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data, we showed sex-dependent metabolic dysregulations in the brains of AD patients. Cohort 1 (South Korean, n = 181) underwent Pittsburgh compound B-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose-PET, magnetic resonance imaging, and blood biomarker (plasma tau and beta-amyloid 42 and 40) measurements at baseline and two-year follow-ups. Transcriptome analysis of data from Cohorts 2 and 3 (European, n = 78; Singaporean, n = 18) revealed sex differences in AD-related alterations in brain metabolism. In women (but not in men), all imaging indicators displayed consistent correlation curves with AD progression. At the two-year follow-up, clear brain metabolic impairment was revealed only in women, and the plasma beta-amyloid 42/40 ratio was a possible biomarker for brain metabolism in women. Furthermore, our transcriptome analysis revealed sex differences in transcriptomes and metabolism in the brains of AD patients as well as a molecular network of 25 female-specific glucose metabolic genes (FGGs). We discovered four key-attractor FGG genes (ALDOA, ENO2, PRKACB, and PPP2R5D) that were associated with amyloid/tau-related genes (APP, MAPT, BACE1, and BACE2). Furthermore, these genes successfully distinguished amyloid positivity in women. Understanding sex differences in the pathogenesis of AD and considering these differences will improve development of effective diagnostics and therapeutic treatments for AD.
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Registered trials
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