SynthesisNature aging2021
A systematic review of the associations between care home ownership and COVID-19 outbreaks, infections and mortality.
Synthesis in Nature aging, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Physical environmental designs in residential care to improve quality of life of older people.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Internationally studied parameters related to the COVID-19 pandemic in nursing homes: a scoping review.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- How outsourcing has contributed to England's social care crisis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Article
- Drivers of COVID-19 Outcomes in Long-Term Care Facilities Using Multi-Level Analysis: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Involuntary closures of for-profit care homes in England by the Care Quality Commission.The lancet. Healthy longevity · 2024Review
- Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on Scotland's care-homes from March 2020 to October 2021: national linked data cohort analysis.Age and ageing · 2024Observational
- Built Environment and SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Long-Term Care Facilities: Cross-Sectional Survey and Data Linkage.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2024Article
- Article
- COVID-19 pandemic in long-term care: An international perspective for policy considerations.International journal of nursing sciences · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on the Quality of Life and Happiness of Care Home Residents in Croatia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The COVID-19 Pandemic in Care Homes: An Exploration of Its Impact across Regions in Spain.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Social Distancing and Isolation Strategies to Prevent and Control the Transmission of COVID-19 and Other Infectious Diseases in Care Homes for Older People: An International Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Mortality among Care Home Residents in England during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study of 4.3 million adults over the age of 65.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
- Certified Nursing Aides' Training Hours and COVID Case and Mortality Rates Across States in the U.S.: Implications for Infection Prevention and Control and Relationships With Nursing Home Residents.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Supporting sustainable long-term residential care in Ireland: a study protocol for the Sustainable Residential Care (SRC) project.HRB open research · 2022Article
- Nursing Home Residents' COVID-19 Infections in the United States: A Systematic Review of Personal and Contextual Factors.Gerontology & geriatric medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Social care markets often rely on the for-profit sector to meet service demand. For-profit care homes have been reported to suffer higher rates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections and deaths, but it is unclear whether these worse outcomes can be attributed to ownership status. To address this, we designed and prospectively registered a living systematic review protocol ( CRD42020218673 ). Here we report on the systematic review and quality appraisal of 32 studies across five countries that investigated ownership variation in COVID-19 outcomes among care homes. We show that, although for-profit ownership was not consistently associated with a higher risk of a COVID-19 outbreak, there was evidence that for-profit care homes had higher rates of COVID-19 infections and deaths. We also found evidence that for-profit ownership was associated with personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages. Variation in COVID-19 outcomes is not driven by ownership status alone, and factors related to staffing, provider size and resident characteristics were also linked to poorer outcomes. However, this synthesis finds that for-profit status and care home characteristics associated with for-profit status are linked to exacerbated COVID-19 outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
37118328What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.