ReviewNature reviews. Chemistry2022
Hole utilization in solar hydrogen production.
Review in Nature reviews. Chemistry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 141 citations in OpenAlex.
- Organelle-mimetic nanoreactors for scalable solar HNature communications · 2026Article
- Oxygen Vacancy-Induced Strong Coordination of Carbon Dots with TiOEnergy & fuels : an American Chemical Society journal · 2026Article
- Hydrocyclone-enhanced scalable photocatalytic hydrogen generation, from macroscale turbulence to nanoscale reaction dynamics.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Hydrogen-bond bridging dually facilitates exciton dissociation and charge migration for enhanced photocatalytic water oxidation.National science review · 2025Article
- Large-Sized Poly (Triazine Imide) Crystals with Minimized Defects for High-Efficiency Overall Water Splitting.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Photoelectrochemical valorisation of organic waste for the cogeneration of solar fuels and value-added chemicals.Chemical science · 2025Review
- Influence of Hole Transport and Thermal Reactions in Photo-Driven Water Oxidation Kinetics on Crystalline TiOACS catalysis · 2025Article
- Charge-transfer dynamics in S-scheme photocatalyst.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2025Review
- Picolinamide Functionalization on Carbon Nitride Edges for Enhanced Charge Separation and Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Simultaneous Photocatalytic Production of HACS catalysis · 2024Article
- Defects of Metal Halide Perovskites in Photocatalytic Energy Conversion: Friend or Foe?Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Solar-Driven Biomass Reforming for Hydrogen Generation: Principles, Advances, and Challenges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Ru/Ir-Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Acidic Conditions: From Mechanisms, Optimizations to Challenges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion-mediated photochemical reactions.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2024Review
- Solar reforming as an emerging technology for circular chemical industries.Nature reviews. Chemistry · 2024Review
- Review
- Combined Photoredox Catalysis for Value-Added Conversion of Contaminants at Spatially Separated Dual Active Sites.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In photochemical production of hydrogen from water, the hole-mediated oxidation reaction is the rate-determining step. A poor solar-to-hydrogen efficiency is usually related to a mismatch between the internal quantum efficiency of photon-induced hole generation and the apparent quantum yield of hydrogen. This waste of photogenerated holes is unwanted yet unavoidable. Although great progress has been made, we are still far away from the required level of dexterity to deal with the associated challenges of wasted holes and its consequential chemical effects that have placed one of the greatest bottlenecks in attaining high solar-to-hydrogen efficiency. A critical assessment of the hole and its related phenomena in solar hydrogen production would, therefore, pave the way moving forward. In this regard, we focus on the contextual and conceptual understanding of the dynamics and kinetics of photogenerated holes and its critical role in driving redox reactions, with the objective of guiding future research. The main reasons behind and consequences of unused holes are examined and different approaches to improve overall efficiency are outlined. We also highlight yet unsolved research questions related to holes in solar fuel production.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.