ReviewNature reviews. Chemistry2022
The principles, design and applications of fused-ring electron acceptors.
Review in Nature reviews. Chemistry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed.
- A comprehensive review on heteroatom engineering in fused-ring electron acceptors: from molecular design to device efficiency.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Plasmonic metasurface microfluidic accelerates redox reactions for rapid phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Organic semiconductor materials for neuromorphic and bioelectronic systems design rules and applications.iScience · 2026Review
- On Refining Exciton Dissociation and Charge Transport of Nonfullerene Organic Photovoltaics: from Star-Shaped Acceptors to Molecular Doping.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Decoding non-fullerene acceptors for organic solar cells: a theoretical structure-property-performance perspective.RSC advances · 2026Review
- Evaporation Kinetics Engineering Suppressed Bimolecular Recombination in All-Polymer Solar Cells.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Quinoxaline Terpolymer-Controlled Miscibility With Oligomeric Acceptors for Over 20% Efficiency, Highly Stable and Stretchable Polymer Solar Cells.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Unraveling the Hidden Balance between Quantum Confinement and Structural Modifications in Near-Infrared Fluorescent Carbon Dots.Chemical & biomedical imaging · 2026Review
- A >25 kDa Star-Shaped Dodecamer Acceptor as a Heterogeneous Nucleation Agent Enables 20.50%-Efficient Organic Solar Cells.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026Article
- Stable and Low-Cost Organic Photovoltaics Without Conjugated Donors.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Attaining 19.12% solar cell efficiency for non-fused ring electron acceptors via multi-dimensional charge transport.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Conformational entropy tuning in nonfused-ring electron acceptors for low-cost and record-efficiency organic solar cells.National science review · 2026Article
- Instability of prevailing small molecule acceptors in organic solar cells toward water/nucleophiles.Science advances · 2026Article
- A donor-acceptor integrated polymer for efficient organic solar cells.Science advances · 2026Article
- Solution-Processed Organic Photovoltaics: Fabrication Advances and Challenges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Enhancing π-Delocalization and Suppressing Traps via Doping in Electron Transport Materials for Efficient Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics.Nano-micro letters · 2026Article
- Solvent vapor diffusion-driven multiscale pre-aggregation of non-fullerene acceptors enables high-performance organic solar cells.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Fused-ring isomerism modulates molecular packing and device performance in non-halogenated organic solar cells.Nature communications · 2025Article
- High-throughput electronic property prediction of cyclic molecules with 3D-enhanced machine learning.Chemical science · 2025Article
- Halogenated diphenyl ether solvent additives enable ∼20% efficiency organic solar cells and high-performance opaque/semitransparent modules.National science review · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Fused-ring electron acceptors (FREAs) have a donor-acceptor-donor structure comprising an electron-donating fused-ring core, electron-accepting end groups, π-bridges and side chains. FREAs possess beneficial features, such as feasibility to tailor their structures, high property tunability, strong visible and near-infrared light absorption and excellent n-type semiconducting characteristics. FREAs have initiated a revolution to the field of organic solar cells in recent years. FREA-based organic solar cells have achieved unprecedented efficiencies, over 20%, which breaks the theoretical efficiency limit of traditional fullerene acceptors (~13%), and boast potential operational lifetimes approaching 10 years. Based on the original studies of FREAs, a variety of new structures, mechanisms and applications have flourished. In this Review, we introduce the fundamental principles of FREAs, including their structures and inherent electronic and physical properties. Next, we discuss the way in which the properties of FREAs can be modulated through variations to the electronic structure or molecular packing. We then present the current applications and consider the future areas that may benefit from developments in FREAs. Finally, we conclude with the position of FREA chemistry, reflecting on the challenges and opportunities that may arise in the future of this burgeoning field.
Identifiers
37117709What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.