Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37113782›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2023

Factors influencing scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination.

Paola Villanueva, Nigel W Crawford, Mariana Garcia Croda, Simone Collopy, Bruno Araújo Jardim, Tyane de Almeida Pinto Jardim, Laurens Manning, Michaela Lucas, Helen Marshall, Cristina Prat-Aymerich and 9 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Harnessing population genetics and animal models to uncover the genetics of skin scarring.Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 15 institutions in 6 countries.

Paola VillanuevaDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Nigel W CrawfordDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Mariana Garcia CrodaSchool of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
Simone CollopyDepartment of Pediatrics, Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Bruno Araújo JardimCarlos Borborema Clinical Research Institute, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
Tyane de Almeida Pinto JardimCarlos Borborema Clinical Research Institute, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
Laurens ManningWesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
Michaela LucasSchool of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Helen MarshallRobinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide and Department of Paediatrics, The Women's and Children's Health Network, Australia.
Cristina Prat-AymerichJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Alice SawkaDepartment of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
Ketaki SharmaNational Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Darren TroemanJulius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Ushma WadiaWesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA, Australia.
Adilia WarrisMedical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, UK.
Nicholas WoodNational Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Nicole L MessinaDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Nigel CurtisDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Laure F PittetDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Royal Children's Hospital · AUFundação de Medicina Tropical · BRThe Kids Research Institute Australia · AUChildren's Hospital at Westmead · AURoyal Adelaide Hospital · AUThe University of Melbourne · AUThe University of Sydney · AUThe University of Western Australia · AUUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro · BRUniversidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul · BRUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona · ESUniversity of Exeter · GBUniversity of Geneva · CHUtrecht University · NLWomen's and Children's Health Network · AU

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/V033417/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The prevalence of scar formation following Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination varies globally. The beneficial off-target effects of BCG are proposed to be stronger amongst children who develop a BCG scar. Within an international randomised trial ('BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare workers'; BRACE Trial), this nested prospective cohort study assessed the prevalence of and factors influencing scar formation, as well as participant perception of BCG scarring 12 months following vaccination . Amongst 3071 BCG-recipients, 2341 (76%) developed a BCG scar. Scar prevalence was lowest in Spain and highest in UK. Absence of post-injection wheal (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.2-0.9), BCG revaccination (OR 1.7, 95%CI 1.3-2.0), female sex (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.7-2.4), older age (OR 0.4, 95%CI 0.4-0.5) and study country (Brazil OR 1.6, 95%CI 1.3-2.0) influenced BCG scar prevalence. Of the 2341 participants with a BCG scar, 1806 (77%) did not mind having the scar. Participants more likely to not mind were those in Brazil, males and those with a prior BCG vaccination history. The majority (96%) did not regret having the vaccine. Both vaccination-related (amenable to optimisation) and individual-related factors affected BCG scar prevalence 12 months following BCG vaccination of adults, with implications for maximising the effectiveness of BCG vaccination.

Indexed as

BCG scarBCG vaccineVaccination techniqueVaccine safety

Identifiers

PMID37113782
PMCPMC10126857
OpenAlexW4362671009

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.