ArticleViruses2023
HIV-1 Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naïve Patients in Russia: Analysis of the National Database, 2006-2022.
Article in Viruses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detection of HIV-1 Resistance Mutations to Antiretroviral Therapy and Cell Tropism in Russian Patients Using Next-Generation Sequencing.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Improved HIV-1 Subtyping Accuracy Using near Full-Length Sequencing: A Comparison of Common Tools.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Characterization of a New HIV-1 Second-Generation Circulating Recombinant Form CRF173_63A6 in the Jewish Autonomous Region of Russia.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Features of Tat Protein in HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6 Variants Circulating in the Moscow Region, Russia.Viruses · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
26 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Russia, antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage has significantly increased, which, in the absence of routine genotyping testing, could lead to an increase in HIV drug resistance (DR). The aim of this study was to investigate the patterns and temporal trends in HIV DR as well as the prevalence of genetic variants in treatment-naïve patients from 2006 to 2022, using data from the Russian database (4481 protease and reverse transcriptase and 844 integrase gene sequences). HIV genetic variants, and DR and DR mutations (DRMs) were determined using the Stanford Database. The analysis showed high viral diversity, with the predominance of A6 (78.4%), which was the most common in all transmission risk groups. The overall prevalence of surveillance DRMs (SDRMs) was 5.4%, and it reached 10.0% in 2022. Most patients harbored NNRTI SDRMs (3.3%). The prevalence of SDRMs was highest in the Ural (7.9%). Male gender and the CRF63_02A6 variant were association factors with SDRMs. The overall prevalence of DR was 12.7% and increased over time, primarily due to NNRTIs. Because baseline HIV genotyping is unavailable in Russia, it is necessary to conduct surveillance of HIV DR due to the increased ART coverage and DR prevalence. Centralized collection and unified analysis of all received genotypes in the national database can help in understanding the patterns and trends in DR to improve treatment protocols and increase the effectiveness of ART. Moreover, using the national database can help identify regions or transmission risk groups with a high prevalence of HIV DR for epidemiological measures to prevent the spread of HIV DR in the country.
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