ArticleToxics2023
Imidacloprid and Its Bioactive Metabolite, Desnitro-Imidacloprid, Differentially Affect Ovarian Antral Follicle Growth, Morphology, and Hormone Synthesis In Vitro.
Article in Toxics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic Amelioration of Imidacloprid-Induced fertility impairment by Vitex agnus-castus and Nigella sativa in Female Rats: Mechanistic Evidence of Hormonal and Reproductive Restoration.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Reductive dominance and limited cytochrome P450 activity in neonicotinoid metabolism by elephant liver microsomes.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2026Article
- The distribution of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in paired semen and urine samples and associations with male reproductive hormones.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Couples exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides and its influence on in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Article
- The effects of imidacloprid exposure on the mouse ovary in vivo.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- The impact of neonicotinoid pesticides on reproductive health.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Review
- The occurrence and persistence of surface water contaminants across different landscapes.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Characterization of Neonicotinoid Metabolites by Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism in Poultry.Toxics · 2024Article
- Neonicotinoids differentially modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in immature and antral follicles in the mouse ovary†.Biology of reproduction · 2024Article
- Comparative evaluation of neonicotinoids and their metabolites-induced oxidative stress in carp primary leukocytes and CLC cells.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The effects of short-term and long-term phthalate exposures on ovarian follicle growth dynamics and hormone levels in female mice†.Biology of reproduction · 2024Article
- Ovarian antral follicles metabolize imidacloprid in vitro.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2023Article
- New Gene Markers of Exosomal Regulation Are Involved in Porcine Granulosa Cell Adhesion, Migration, and Proliferation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid pesticide used in large-scale agricultural systems, home gardens, and veterinary pharmaceuticals. Imidacloprid is a small molecule that is more water-soluble than other insecticides, increasing the likelihood of large-scale environmental accumulation and chronic exposure of non-targeted species. Imidacloprid can be converted to the bioactive metabolite desnitro-imidacloprid in the environment and body. Little is known about the mechanisms by which imidacloprid and desnitro-imidacloprid induce ovarian toxicity. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that imidacloprid and desnitro-imidacloprid differentially affect antral follicle growth and steroidogenesis in vitro. Antral follicles were dissected from the ovaries of CD-1 mice and cultured in media containing vehicle control or 0.2 µg/mL-200 µg/mL of imidacloprid or desnitro-imidacloprid for 96 h. Follicle morphology was monitored, and follicle size was measured every 24 h. At the end of the culture periods, media were used to quantify follicular hormone levels, and follicles were used for gene expression analysis of steroidogenic regulators, hormone receptors, and apoptotic factors. Imidacloprid did not affect follicle growth or morphology compared to the control. Desnitro-imidacloprid inhibited follicle growth and caused follicles to rupture in culture compared to the control. Imidacloprid increased progesterone, whereas desnitro-imidacloprid decreased testosterone and progesterone compared to the control. Desnitro-imidacloprid also changed estradiol compared to the control. At 48 h, IMI decreased the expression of
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.