Contactless Size Reference in Forensic Photography-Design and Verification of the Novel FreeRef-1 System.

Luuk A H Schiks, Maura Cook, Laurentius R Lipman, Arjan P van Dijke, Kim Hutchinson, Paul van den Hoven, Arjo J Loeve

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Contactless Size Reference in Forensic Photography-Design and Verification of the Novel FreeRef-1 System.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Luuk A H SchiksDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Room F-0-200, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3300-1643

Maura CookDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Room F-0-200, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.

Laurentius R LipmanDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Room F-0-200, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.

Arjan P van DijkeDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Room F-0-200, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.

Kim HutchinsonDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Room F-0-200, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.ORCID 0009-0000-5114-8185

Paul van den HovenTeam Crime Scene Investigations at Division Biological Traces & Division Digital and Biometric Traces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2490 AA The Hague, The Netherlands.

Arjo J LoeveDepartment of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Room F-0-200, Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4449-9582

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In photographs of evidence in forensic investigations, physical size references (e.g., rulers or stickers) are often placed next to a trace to allow us to take measurements from photos. However, this is laborious and introduces contamination risks. The FreeRef-1 system is a contactless size reference system that allows us to take forensic photographs without having to be close to the evidence, and allows photographing under large angles without losing accuracy. The FreeRef-1 system performance was assessed using technical verification tests, inter-observer checks and user tests with forensic professionals. The results show that the measurements taken with photos using the FreeRef-1 system were at least as accurate as those taken using conventional techniques. Furthermore, with the FreeRef-1 system, even photographs taken under strongly oblique angles provided accurate measurements. The results suggest that the FreeRef-1 system will facilitate photographing evidence even in hard-to-reach places, such as under tables and on walls and ceilings, while increasing the accuracy and speed.

Indexed as

crime scene investigationsforensic photographyforensic researchmeasurements

Identifiers

PMID37112132

DOI10.3390/s23083790

PMCPMC10146244

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.