Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37111570›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2023

Chitosan Hydrogels Cross-Linked with Trimesic Acid for the Delivery of 5-Fluorouracil in Cancer Therapy.

Sravani Emani, Anil Vangala, Federico Buonocore, Niousha Yarandi, Gianpiero Calabrese

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Crystal structure of tris-(2-methyl-1Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Synthesis and structure of tris-(2-methyl-1Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sravani EmaniSchool of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames KTI 2EE, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7806-0853
Anil VangalaSchool of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames KTI 2EE, UK.
Federico BuonocoreSchool of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames KTI 2EE, UK.
Niousha YarandiSchool of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames KTI 2EE, UK.
Gianpiero CalabreseSchool of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston-upon-Thames KTI 2EE, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0137-4595

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chitosan exhibits unique properties making it a suitable material for drug delivery. Considering the rising popularity of hydrogels in this field, this work offers a comprehensive study of hydrogels constituted by chitosan and cross-linked with 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acid (BTC; also known as trimesic acid). Hydrogels were prepared by cross-linking chitosan with BTC in different concentrations. The nature of the gels was studied through oscillatory amplitude strain and frequency sweep tests within the linear viscoelastic region (LVE) limit. The flow curves of the gels revealed shear thinning behavior. High G' values imply strong cross-linking with improved stability. The rheological tests revealed that the strength of the hydrogel network increased with the cross-linking degree. Hardness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, compressibility, and elasticity of the gels were determined using a texture analyzer. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) data of the cross-linked hydrogels showed distinctive pores with a pore size increasing according to increasing concentrations (pore size range between 3-18 µm). Computational analysis was performed by docking simulations between chitosan and BTC. Drug release studies employing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) yielded a more sustained release profile with 35 to 50% release among the formulations studied in a 3 h period. Overall, this work demonstrated that the presence of BTC as cross-linker leads to satisfactory mechanical properties of the chitosan hydrogel, suggesting potential applications in the sustained release of cancer therapeutics.

Indexed as

1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylic acidchitosanhydrogelsrheology

Identifiers

PMID37111570
PMCPMC10143928

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.