ArticlePharmaceutics2023
Design and Preclinical Evaluation of Nicotine-Stearic Acid Conjugate-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Transdermal Delivery: A Technical Note.
Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biodistribution of Tc-99m-Labeled Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Possibility as a Radiopharmaceutical.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Radiolabelling and bioequivalence of modified Tamoxifen solid lipid nanoparticles as a targeted chemotherapeutic drug.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Intelligent transdermal nanoparticles as synergizing advanced delivery systems for precision therapeutics.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Release Monitoring and Detection of Formulated Solid Nanoparticle-Conjugated Nicotine in Blood and Urine Using Electrochemical Technique.Analytical science advances · 2025Article
- Progress in Topical and Transdermal Drug Delivery Research-Focus on Nanoformulations.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Repaglinide-Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Chitosan Patches for Transdermal Application: Box-Behnken Design, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and evaluate nicotine--stearic acid conjugate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (NSA-SLNs) for transdermal delivery in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). Nicotine conjugation to stearic acid prior to SLN formulation greatly increased drug loading. SLNs loaded with a nicotine-stearic acid conjugate were characterized for size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency, and morphology. Pilot in vivo testing was carried out in New Zealand Albino rabbits. The size, PDI, and ZP of nicotine-stearic acid conjugate-loaded SLNs were 113.5 ± 0.91 nm, 0.211 ± 0.01, and -48.1 ± 5.75 mV, respectively. The entrapment efficiency of nicotine-stearic acid conjugate in SLNs was 46.45 ± 1.53%. TEM images revealed that optimized nicotine-stearic acid conjugate-loaded SLNs were uniform and roughly spherical in shape. Nicotine-stearic acid conjugate-loaded SLNs showed enhanced and sustained drug levels for up to 96 h in rabbits when compared with the control nicotine formulation in 2% HPMC gel. To conclude, the reported NSA-SLNs could be further explored as an alternative for treating smoking cessation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.