ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Combination of Two Photosensitisers in Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Upconversion Photodynamic Therapy.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dual-Photosensitizer Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (DaPDT) and Its Combination with Antibiotics: A New Investigation Modality AgainstPharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Research Progress on the Application of Ultrasound Assistance in Tumor Immunotherapy.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- A mini-review: photodynamic therapy-induced immune activation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Cancer Management Using Photodynamic Therapy: Fundamentals, Mechanism and Advances.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Advancements and emerging trends in photodynamic therapy: innovations in cancer treatment and beyond.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025Review
- Advances in Photodynamic Treatment of Precancerous and Cancerous Gynecological Diseases.Cancers · 2025Review
- Combined use of 5-ALA-induced protoporphyrin IX and chlorin e6 for fluorescence diagnostics and photodynamic therapy of skin tumors.Lasers in medical science · 2024Article
- Analysis of Self-Assembled Low- and High-Molecular-Weight Poly-L-Lysine-Ce6 Conjugate-Based Nanoparticles.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- PDT-Induced Activation Enhanced by Hormone Response to Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a special form of phototherapy in which oxygen is needed, in addition to light and a drug called a photosensitiser (PS), to create cytotoxic species that can destroy cancer cells and various pathogens. PDT is often used in combination with other antitumor and antimicrobial therapies to sensitise cells to other agents, minimise the risk of resistance and improve overall outcomes. Furthermore, the aim of combining two photosensitising agents in PDT is to overcome the shortcomings of the monotherapeutic approach and the limitations of individual agents, as well as to achieve synergistic or additive effects, which allows the administration of PSs in lower concentrations, consequently reducing dark toxicity and preventing skin photosensitivity. The most common strategies in anticancer PDT use two PSs to combine the targeting of different organelles and cell-death mechanisms and, in addition to cancer cells, simultaneously target tumour vasculature and induce immune responses. The use of PDT with upconversion nanoparticles is a promising approach to the treatment of deep tissues and the goal of using two PSs is to improve drug loading and singlet oxygen production. In antimicrobial PDT, two PSs are often combined to generate various reactive oxygen species through both Type I and Type II processes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.