ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Effect of Ketamine on Sleep in Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review.
Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of ketamine on individual symptoms and symptom networks of depression in a randomised controlled trial of ketamine for treatment-resistant depression.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2025Trial
- REM density predicts rapid antidepressant response to ketamine in individuals with treatment-resistant depression.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Trial
- Effect of Intraoperative Intravenous Infusion of Esketamine Combined with Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Sleep Disturbance in Patients Undergoing Radical Mastectomy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Effects of Subanesthetic Esketamine on Postoperative Sleep Quality Through EEG Analysis in Breast Cancer Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Trial
- Bifunctional Modulation of NMDA and Opioid Receptors in Ketamine Reinforcement and Misuse: Implications for Substance Use Disorder Treatment.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Electroconvulsive Therapy and the Longitudinal Modulation of Sleep Architecture.The journal of ECT · 2026Article
- Insomnia and Esketamine Add-On Therapy to Antidepressant Therapy in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression-A Pilot Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and safety of esketamine in laparoscopic surgery patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- The Pathogenesis and Treatment of Insomnia Combined with Depression.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Esketamine for postoperative sleep disturbance: clinical evidence, mechanisms, and future directions.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Sleep alterations in treatment-resistant depression patients undergoing ketamine treatment.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Observational
- Preliminary Evidence of Sleep Improvements Following Psilocybin Administration, and their Involvement in Antidepressant Therapeutic Action.Current psychiatry reports · 2024Review
- Circadian clock dysregulation: a potential mechanism of depression in obstructive sleep apnea patients.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- The association between salivary IL-6 and poor sleep quality assessed using Apple watches in stressed workers in Japan.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDepression is a debilitating disease with a high socioeconomic burden. Regular antidepressants usually require several weeks to ameliorate symptoms; however, numerous patients do not achieve remission. What is more, sleep disturbances are one of the most common residual symptoms. Ketamine is a novel antidepressant with rapid onset of action with a proven antisuicidal effect. Little is known about its impact on sleep-wake and circadian rhythm alterations. The aim of this systematic review is to research the impact ketamine has on sleep disturbances in depression.
methodsPubMed, Web of Science, and APA PsycINFO were searched for relevant studies on ketamine's impact on sleep disturbances in depression. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA2020 methodology was applied. The systematic review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO Registry (CRD42023387897).
resultsFive studies were included in this review. Two studies reported significant improvement in sleep measured by MADRS (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale) and QIDS-SR16 (Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (16-item)) scales after intravenous ketamine and intranasal esketamine administration. One case report showed mitigation of symptoms in PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and ISI (Insomnia Severity Index) during 3-month treatment with esketamine. In two studies, sleep was objectively measured by nocturnal EEG (electroencephalography) and showed a decrease in nocturnal wakefulness accompanied by an increase in slow wave (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
conclusionKetamine reduces the severity of sleep insomnia in depression. Robust data are lacking. More research is needed.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.