ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Characterization of Porcine Ocular Surface Epithelial Microenvironment.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Eye Drop Development of Anti-VEGF Therapeutics by Ocular Penetrating Carrier to the Posterior Region of the Eye.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Progenitor cells from limbal, conjunctival and oral mucosal biopsies cultivated on silicone hydrogel contact lenses share CD90, CK15, nestin, CXCR4 and SDF-1 niche markers but preserve tissue-specific characteristics and differentiation directions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Multimodal objective assessment of a porcine limbal stem cell deficiency model for corneal therapy research.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Postmortal epithelial changes of donor corneas impair applicability of a refractive ultraviolet femtosecond laser.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Stable topical application of antimicrobials using plumbing rings in an ex vivo porcine corneal infection model.PloS one · 2025Article
- Article
- A detailed survey of the murine limbus, its stem cell distribution, and its boundaries with the cornea and conjunctiva.Stem cells translational medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The porcine ocular surface is used as a model of the human ocular surface; however, a detailed characterization of the porcine ocular surface has not been documented. This is due, in part, to the scarcity of antibodies produced specifically against the porcine ocular surface cell types or structures. We performed a histological and immunohistochemical investigation on frozen and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ocular surface tissue from domestic pigs using a panel of 41 different antibodies related to epithelial progenitor/differentiation phenotypes, extracellular matrix and associated molecules, and various niche cell types. Our observations suggested that the Bowman's layer is not evident in the cornea; the deep invaginations of the limbal epithelium in the limbal zone are analogous to the limbal interpalisade crypts of human limbal tissue; and the presence of goblet cells in the bulbar conjunctiva. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that the epithelial progenitor markers cytokeratin (CK)15, CK14, p63α, and P-cadherin were expressed in both the limbal and conjunctival basal epithelium, whereas the basal cells of the limbal and conjunctival epithelium did not stain for CK3, CK12, E-cadherin, and CK13. Antibodies detecting marker proteins related to the extracellular matrix (collagen IV, Tenascin-C), cell-matrix adhesion (β-dystroglycan, integrin α3 and α6), mesenchymal cells (vimentin, CD90, CD44), neurons (neurofilament), immune cells (HLA-ABC; HLA-DR, CD1, CD4, CD14), vasculature (von Willebrand factor), and melanocytes (SRY-homeobox-10, human melanoma black-45, Tyrosinase) on the normal human ocular surface demonstrated similar immunoreactivity on the normal porcine ocular surface. Only a few antibodies (directed against N-cadherin, fibronectin, agrin, laminin α3 and α5, melan-A) appeared unreactive on porcine tissues. Our findings characterize the main immunohistochemical properties of the porcine ocular surface and provide a morphological and immunohistochemical basis useful to research using porcine models. Furthermore, the analyzed porcine ocular structures are similar to those of humans, confirming the potential usefulness of pig eyes to study ocular surface physiology and pathophysiology.
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