ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
The Variety of 3D Breast Cancer Models for the Study of Tumor Physiology and Drug Screening.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evolution and hotspots in breast cancer organoid research: insights from a bibliometric and visual knowledge mapping study (2005-2024).Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Three-dimensional spheroid models in breast cancer: tumor microenvironment complexity, cancer stem cell-driven resistance, and translational model integration.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Toward More Translational Tumor Models: Breast dECM-Based 3D Systems Capture Native Microenvironmental Cues.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Obesity, Inflammation, and Tumor Microenvironment in Three-Dimensional Models of Breast Cancer.Cells · 2026Review
- Beyond the Image Frame: An Art-Based Pedagogical Framework for Teaching Diagnostic Reasoning in Breast Ultrasound to Medical Students.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Advances in the Research and Development of Breast Cancer Organoids.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Efficacy and Mechanisms of CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer: Advancing Targeted Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- β-Hydroxybutyrate promotes chemoresistance and proliferation in breast cancer cells.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Review
- 3D Breast Cancer Spheroids Reveal Architecture-Dependent HER2 Expression and Signaling.Biology · 2025Article
- The role of 3D culture models and advanced chromatography in exosome research for triple-negative breast cancer.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2025Review
- Development of tetraculture spheroids as a versatile 3D model for personalized breast cancer research.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- ECM characterization and 3D bioprinted models of NSCLC for investigating stiffness-dependent tumor behavior and drug response.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Three-dimensional in vitro models in head and neck cancer: current trends and applications.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Review
- Design and evaluation of ionically crosslinked multifunctional ELP-SA composite hydrogels for 3D cell culture.Regenerative biomaterials · 2025Article
- Exploring the connection between EU-funded research and methodological approaches: insights from a retrospective analysis.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Organoid Cultures for the Study of Mammary Biology and Breast Cancer: The Promise and Challenges.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2024Review
- A study with cancer stem cells and three-dimensional tumoroids: investigation of the combined effects of 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin in breast cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and responsible for multiple deaths worldwide. 3D cancer models enable a better representation of tumor physiology than the conventional 2D cultures. This review summarizes the important components of physiologically relevant 3D models and describes the spectrum of 3D breast cancer models, e.g., spheroids, organoids, breast cancer on a chip and bioprinted tissues. The generation of spheroids is relatively standardized and easy to perform. Microfluidic systems allow control over the environment and the inclusion of sensors and can be combined with spheroids or bioprinted models. The strength of bioprinting relies on the spatial control of the cells and the modulation of the extracellular matrix. Except for the predominant use of breast cancer cell lines, the models differ in stromal cell composition, matrices and fluid flow. Organoids are most appropriate for personalized treatment, but all technologies can mimic most aspects of breast cancer physiology. Fetal bovine serum as a culture supplement and Matrigel as a scaffold limit the reproducibility and standardization of the listed 3D models. The integration of adipocytes is needed because they possess an important role in breast cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.