ArticleHealthcare (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Sex and Age Differences in Association between Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome: Results from NHANES 2003-2006.
Article in Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors associated with lifestyle practices for preventing cardiovascular disease in adults aware of metabolic syndrome.Archives of endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Association between physical activity, sleep, and screen time and cardiometabolic risk factors among Brazilian adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Effects of Sex, Smoking, and Physical Activity on Metabolic Syndrome Among Current Smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study from Taiwan.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Differences in phenotypic and functional aging trajectories among people aging with disability and the US general population.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Comparison of Anthropometric and Metabolic Indexes in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome: A Large-Scale Analysis of Spanish Workers.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Exercise and Lifestyle Modification in the Management of Diabetic Patients in the Al-Madinah Region, Saudi Arabia.Cureus · 2025Article
- Association Between Physical Activity Timing and Metabolic Syndrome in Korea: A Functional Principal Component Approach.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo examine whether and how sex and age modify the association between accelerometer-based physical activity (PA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among American (US) adults.
methodAdults aged ≥20 years old who participated in the mobile center examination during 2003-2006 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included for analysis. The total minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was estimated using ActiGraph. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of having MetS at an increasing MVPA time. The modification effects of gender and age on the association between MetS and MVPA time were examined by testing for two-way and three-way interaction terms of MVPA time, sex, and age in the model after adjusting for relevant covariates.
resultsThe prevalence of MetS generally decreased with the MVPA time and was lower in females than in males, although the sex difference varied across age groups. After adjusting for demographic and lifestyle covariates, there was a significant sex difference in how an increased MVPA time lowered the odds of MetS. This interactive effect also varied with age. MVPA benefitted young and middle-age populations up until about 65 years old for both sexes, and the protective effect weakened with age. Although the effect of MVPA was stronger for males than females at young ages, the rate at which it attenuated was quicker in males. The OR of MetS between males and females per unit change of MVPA time was 0.73 (95% CI: [0.57, 0.93]) at age = 25 years, compared to OR = 1.00 (95% CI: [0.88, 1.16]) at age = 60 years. Before the age of 50, the gender difference in the protective effect on MetS was larger at low MVPA levels and became smaller at higher MVPA levels. The male advantage was quite stable with an increasing MVPA time for ages 50-60, and no longer significant at older ages.
conclusionsYoung and middle-age populations benefitted from MVPA, lowering the risk of MetS for both sexes. A longer MVPA time was associated with a greater decrease in the risk of MetS in young men than in women, but the sex difference reduced with age and was no longer apparent in older populations.
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