ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Socioeconomic and Governance Factors Disentangle the Relationship between Temperature and Antimicrobial Resistance: A 10-Year Ecological Analysis of European Countries.
Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Agricultural Pesticide Exposure and Antimicrobial Resistance inMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Climate change and antimicrobial resistance.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Temperature-Associated Prevalence and Multidrug Resistance ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Mind the governance gap: a one health scoping review of national AMR performance indicators.npj antimicrobials and resistance · 2026Article
- Determinants of prescribing behaviour of antibacterial drugs in Europe and use of appropriate nomenclature in the literature.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Changing climate and socioeconomic factors contribute to global antimicrobial resistance.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Factors associated with clinical antimicrobial resistance in China: a nationwide analysis.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2025Article
- Enhancing antimicrobial resistance surveillance and research: a systematic scoping review on the possibilities, yield and methods of data linkage studies.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Article
- Geo-Temporal Variation in the Antimicrobial Resistance ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR): current status and future prospects.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Review
- Association between quality of governance, antibiotic consumption, and antimicrobial resistance: an analysis of Italian regions.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although previous studies showed that warmer temperatures may be associated with increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates, unmeasured factors may explain the observed relationship. We conducted a ten-year ecological analysis to evaluate whether temperature change was associated with AMR across 30 European countries, considering predictors that can determine a geographical gradient. Using four data sources, we created a dataset of: annual temperature change (FAOSTAT database); AMR proportions for ten pathogen-antibiotic combinations (ECDC atlas); consumption of antibiotics for systemic use in the community (ESAC-Net database); population density, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, and governance indicators (World Bank DataBank). Data were obtained for each country and year (2010-2019) and analyzed through multivariable models. We found evidence of a positive linear association between temperature change and AMR proportion across all countries, years, pathogens, and antibiotics (β = 0.140; 95%CI = 0.039; 0.241;
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.