ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2023
Antibiotic Overprescribing among Neonates and Children Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Pakistan and the Implications.
Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increasing the use of the WHO AWaRe system in antibiotic surveillance and stewardship programmes in low- and middle-income countries.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Review
- Impact of COVID-19 on Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities in Hospitalised Children: A Scoping Review.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Paediatricians' knowledge, perceptions, preparedness and involvement towards paediatric antimicrobial stewardship in Pakistan: findings and the implications.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2024Article
- Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children: a large multicenter study from Iran.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Point prevalence survey of antibiotics use among hospitalised neonates and children in Saudi Arabia: findings and implications.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2024Article
- Pediatric respiratory pathogen dynamics in Southern Sichuan, China: a retrospective analysis of gender, age, and seasonal trends.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial Use Among Hospitalized Neonates and Children; Findings and Implications from a Comprehensive Point Prevalence Survey Among General Tertiary Hospitals in Pakistan.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- Awareness and Practices towards Vaccinating Their Children against COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study among Pakistani Parents.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Dispensing Practices during COVID-19 and the Implications for Pakistan.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- 11-Year Trend in Antibiotic Consumption in a South-Eastern European Country; the Situation in Albania and the Implications for the Future.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There are concerns with excessive antibiotic prescribing among patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Most studies have been conducted in adults with limited data on neonates and children, including in Pakistan. A retrospective study was conducted among four referral/tertiary care hospitals, including the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, the prevalence of bacterial co-infections or secondary bacterial infections and antibiotics prescribed among neonates and children hospitalized due to COVID-19. Among 1237 neonates and children, 511 were admitted to the COVID-19 wards and 433 were finally included in the study. The majority of admitted children were COVID-19-positive (85.9%) with severe COVID-19 (38.2%), and 37.4% were admitted to the ICU. The prevalence of bacterial co-infections or secondary bacterial infections was 3.7%; however, 85.5% were prescribed antibiotics during their hospital stay (average 1.70 ± 0.98 antibiotics per patient). Further, 54.3% were prescribed two antibiotics via the parenteral route (75.5%) for ≤5 days (57.5), with most being 'Watch' antibiotics (80.4%). Increased antibiotic prescribing was reported among patients requiring mechanical ventilation and high WBCs, CRP, D-dimer and ferritin levels (
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