ArticlePsychology and aging2023
Dissociating proactive and reactive control in older adults.
Article in Psychology and aging, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Behavioral variability and preparatory ERPs as neurobehavioral markers of mild cognitive impairment risk in older adults.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Magnitude processing in young and older adults: Congruency between quantity and brightness.Memory & cognition · 2026Article
- Are the correlates of mind wandering consistent across younger and older adults?Psychological research · 2026Article
- Item-specific control of word reading as evidenced by a novel proportion wordness effect.Memory & cognition · 2026Article
- Switching-back versus switching-out: Language context reveals a novel aging deficit in proactive bilingual language control.Cognition · 2026Article
- A comprehensive study of cognitive control in healthy aging.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Proactive control declines while reactive control is preserved across the adult lifespan.Journal of experimental psychology. General · 2025Article
- Age-related differences in information, but not task control in the color-word Stroop task.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2025Article
- Exploring the effects of mapping rule switching on motor preparation in young and older adults: evidence from combining response cuing and task switching methodology.Psychological research · 2025Article
- Can goal reminders reduce the Stroop effect in older adults?Psychology and aging · 2025Article
- Getting value out of working memory through strategic prioritisation: Implications for storage and control.Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006) · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Dual Mechanisms of Control framework predicts that age-related declines should be most prominent for tasks that require proactive control, while tasks requiring reactive control should show minimal age differences in performance. However, results from traditional paradigms are inconclusive as to whether these two processes are independent, making it difficult to understand how these processes change with age. The present study manipulated the proportion congruency in a list-wide (Experiments 1 and 2) or item-specific (Experiment 1) fashion to independently assess proactive and reactive control, respectively. In the list-wide task, older adults were unable to proactively bias attention away from word processing based on list-level expectancies. Proactive control deficits replicated across multiple task paradigms, with different Stroop stimuli (picture-word, integrated color-word, separated color-word), and different behavioral indices (Stroop interference, secondary prospective memory). In contrast, older adults were successfully able to reactively filter the word dimension based on item-specific expectancies. These findings provide unambiguous support that aging is associated with declines in proactive, but not reactive, control. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
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