Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37104527›Full record

ArticleMMWR supplements2023

Dating Violence, Sexual Violence, and Bullying Victimization Among High School Students -Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2021.

Heather B Clayton, Greta Kilmer, Sarah DeGue, Lianne F Estefan, Vi D Le, Nicolas A Suarez, Bridget H Lyons, Jemekia E Thornton

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in MMWR supplements, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Violence Prevention Practice Trends in Large U.S. School Districts, 2012-2024.The Journal of school nursing : the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Mental health trajectory groups: Family income, neighborhood disadvantage, and role of the school environment.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2026
    Article
  10. Protective Factors Against Violence and Substance Use in Adolescents: A Latent Class Analysis.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Implementation of Teen Dating Violence Laws and Policies in High Schools: Staff and Student Perceptions.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Unpacking the consequences of adolescent dating violence victimization: Adult victimization and perpetration across intimate and non-intimate contexts.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Heather B Clayton
Greta Kilmer
Sarah DeGue
Lianne F Estefan
Vi D Le
Nicolas A Suarez
Bridget H Lyons
Jemekia E Thornton

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Experiences of teen dating violence (TDV), sexual violence, and bullying during adolescence are all forms of interpersonal violence victimization (IVV) and are associated with health and behavioral issues during adulthood. Data from the nationally representative 2011-2021 Youth Risk Behavior Surveys were used to estimate the 2021 prevalence of IVV reported by U.S. high school students. IVV included past-year sexual TDV, physical TDV, sexual violence by anyone, electronic bullying, being bullied on school property, and lifetime forced sex and was analyzed by demographic characteristics and sex of sexual contacts. This report also explored trends in IVV over this 10-year period among U.S. high school students. In 2021, a total of 8.5% of students reported physical TDV, 9.7% reported sexual TDV, 11.0% reported sexual violence by anyone (with 59.5% of those also reporting sexual TDV), 15.0% reported bullying on school property, and 15.9% reported electronic bullying victimization during the past 12 months; 8.5% also reported experiencing forced sex in their lifetime. Disparities were observed for each form of IVV assessed for females and for most forms of IVV among racial and ethnic minority students; students who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, questioning, or other (LGBQ+); and students who reported their sexual contacts as same sex only or both sexes. Trend analyses indicated that physical TDV, sexual TDV, any physical or sexual TDV, and both physical and sexual TDV victimization decreased from 2013 to 2021 (although sexual TDV increased from 2019 to 2021). Any bullying victimization decreased from 2011 to 2021. Lifetime forced sexual intercourse decreased from 2011 to 2015, then increased from 2015 to 2021. Being bullied on school property was unchanged from 2011 to 2017, then decreased from 2017 to 2021. Sexual violence by anyone increased from 2017 to 2021. This report highlights disparities in IVV and provides the first national estimates among Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander youths. Findings, including trend analyses indicating recent increases in certain forms of IVV, point to the continued urgency of violence prevention efforts for all U.S. youths and especially those who are disproportionately affected by IVV.

Indexed as

Adolescent BehaviorBullyingCrime VictimsIntimate Partner ViolenceSex OffensesAdolescentAdultEthnicityFemaleHumansMaleMinority GroupsRisk-TakingSexual BehaviorStudentsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID37104527
PMCPMC10156153

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.