ArticlePloS one2023
Socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breastfeeding difficulties and maternal-infant bonding at three months postpartum in a Turkish cohort.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Pacifier Usage Among Saudi Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The who, when, and why of pacifier use.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Association between postpartum anxiety and depression and exclusive and continued breastfeeding practices: a cross-sectional study in Nevada, USA.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Analysis of Google users' interests in information about pacifiers: an ecological digital study.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPacifier use can interfere with nurturing care practices such as breastfeeding, soothing, and sleeping. Due to contradicting beliefs, recommendations, and the high frequency of pacifier use, understanding its associations may support shaping equitable public health recommendations. This study explored the socio-demographic, maternal, and infant characteristics associated with pacifier use among six-months old infants in Clark County, Nevada.
methodCross-sectional survey was conducted in 2021 with a sample of mothers (n = 276) of infants under six months old in Clark County, Nevada. Participants were recruited through advertisements in birth, lactation, pediatric care centers, and social media. We used binomial and multinomial logistic models to assess the association between pacifier use and the age of pacifier introduction, respectively, with household, maternal, infant, healthcare characteristics, and feeding and sleeping practices.
resultsMore than half of the participants offered pacifiers (60.5%). Pacifier use was higher among low-income households (OR (95% CI) 2.06 (0.99-4.27)), mothers who identified as non-Hispanic (OR (95% CI) 2.09 (1.22-3.59)), non-first-time mothers (OR (95% CI) 2.09 (1.11-3.05)), and bottle-feeding infants (OR (95% CI) 2.76 (1.35-5.65)). Compared to those who did not introduce a pacifier, non-Hispanic mothers (RRR (95% CI) 2.34 (1.30-4.21)) and bottle-fed infants (RRR (95% CI) 2.71 (1.29-5.69)) had a higher risk of introducing pacifier within two weeks. Likewise, infants living in food insecure households (RRR (95% CI) 2.53 (0.97-6.58)) and mothers who have more than one child (RRR (95% CI) 2.44 (1.11-5.34)) had a higher risk of introducing a pacifier after two weeks.
conclusionPacifier use is independently associated with maternal income, ethnicity, parity, and bottle feeding among six-month-old infants living in Clark County, Nevada. Household food insecurity increased the relative risk of introducing a pacifier after two weeks. Qualitative research on pacifier use among families with diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds is needed to improve equitable interventions.
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