Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37103517›Full record

ReviewChild's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery2023

Global strategies for the prevention of neural tube defects through the improvement of folate status in women of reproductive age.

Homero Martinez, Adriana Benavides-Lara, Anastasia Arynchyna-Smith, Kemel A Ghotme, Mandana Arabi, Alexander Arynchyn

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. FIGO good practice recommendations on anemia in pregnancy, to reduce the incidence and impact of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025
    Guideline
  3. Pooled it
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  9. Clinical and epidemiological profile of neonatal neural tube defects in Turkey: a nationwide retrospective cohort analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Homero MartinezGlobal Technical Services, Nutrition International, 180 Elgin St. suite 1000, ON, Ottawa, Canada. hmartinez@nutritionintl.org.ORCID 0000-0002-1435-0306
Adriana Benavides-LaraCosta Rican Birth Defects Register Center (CREC), Costa Rican Institute of Research and Education in Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA), Cartago, Costa Rica.ORCID 0000-0002-7121-1388
Anastasia Arynchyna-SmithDivision of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2863-5388
Kemel A GhotmeTranslational Neuroscience Research Lab, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Sabana, Chia, Colombia.ORCID 0000-0001-6802-4373
Mandana ArabiGlobal Technical Services, Nutrition International, 180 Elgin St. suite 1000, ON, Ottawa, Canada.
Alexander ArynchynDivision of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9808-1774

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNeural tube defects represent a global public health problem, mainly in countries where effective prevention strategies are not yet in place. The global prevalence of neural tube defects is estimated at 18.6/10,000 (uncertainty interval: 15.3-23.0) live births, where ~ 75% of cases result in under-five mortality. Most of the mortality burden is in low- and middle-income countries. The main risk factor for this condition is insufficient folate levels in women of reproductive age.

methodsThis paper reviews the extent of the problem, including the most recent global information on folate status in women of reproductive age and the most recent estimates of the prevalence of neural tube defects. Additionally, we provide an overview of the available interventions worldwide to reduce the risk of neural tube defects by improving folate status in the population, including dietary diversification, supplementation, education, and fortification.

resultsLarge-scale food fortification with folic acid is the most successful and effective intervention to reduce the prevalence of neural tube defects and associated infant mortality. This strategy requires the coordination of several sectors, including governments, the food industry, health services providers, the education sector, and entities that monitor the quality of the service processes. It also requires technical knowledge and political will. An international collaboration between governmental and non-governmental organizations is essential to succeed in saving thousands of children from a disabling but preventable condition. DISCUSSION: We propose a logical model for building a national-level strategic plan for mandatory LSFF with folic acid and explain the actions needed for promoting sustainable system-level change.

Indexed as

Folic AcidNeural Tube DefectsChildFemaleHumansPrevalencePublic HealthRisk FactorsFolic AcidFolic acidFood fortificationLow- and middle-income countriesNeural tube defectsPrevention

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.