Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37099196›Full record

ArticleForensic science, medicine, and pathology2023

Response to "Scrutinizing the causal link between excited delirium syndrome and restraint - a commentary on: 'The role of restraint in fatal excited delirium: a research synthesis and pooled analysis' by E.M.F. Strömmer, W. Leith, M.P. Zeegers and M.D. Freeman".

Michael D Freeman, Ellen M F Strömmer, Wendy M Leith, Maurice P Zeegers

Open access · hybridAbstract readComment
In one paragraph

Article in Forensic science, medicine, and pathology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Response to "More on 'The role of restraint in fatal excited delirium'.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2024
    Article
  2. More on: 'the role of restraint in fatal excited delirium syndrome'.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Michael D FreemanFaculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands. m.freeman@maastrichtuniversity.nl.ORCID 0000-0003-0228-3158
Ellen M F StrömmerFaculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Wendy M LeithFaculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Maurice P ZeegersFaculty of Health, Medicine, and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Maastricht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

de Boer et al. criticize the conclusions in our 2020 paper on the validity of Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDS) as "egregiously misleading." Our conclusion was that there "is no existing evidence that indicates that ExDS is inherently lethal in the absence of aggressive restraint." The basis for de Boer and colleague's criticism of our paper is that the ExDS literature does not provide an unbiased view of the lethality of the condition, and therefore the true epidemiologic features of ExDS cannot be determined from what has been published. The criticism is unrelated to the goals or methods of the study, however. Our stated purpose was to investigate "how the term ExDS has evolved in the literature and been endowed with a uniquely lethal quality," and whether there is "evidence for ExDS as a unique cause of a death that would have occurred regardless of restraint, or a label used when a restrained and agitated person dies, and which erroneously directs attention away from the role of restraint in explaining the death." We cannot fathom how de Boer et al. missed this clearly stated description of the study rationale, or why they would endorse a series of fallacious and meaningless claims that gave the appearance that they failed to grasp the basic design of the study. We do acknowledge and thank these authors for pointing out 3 minor citation errors and an equally minor table formatting error (neither of which altered the reported results and conclusions in the slightest), however.

Indexed as

DeliriumPoliceAggressionCausalityHumansRestraint, PhysicalAgitated DeliriumBiasCircular ReasoningExcited DeliriumLogical Fallacy

Identifiers

PMID37099196
PMCPMC10752838
OpenAlexW4367047823

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.