ArticlePsychiatry investigation2023
Evaluation of Serum Zonulin and Occludin Levels in Bipolar Disorder.
Article in Psychiatry investigation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Relationship of Serum Tricellulin, MarvelD3, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Levels With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Severity in Children and Adolescents.Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multi-Strain Probiotic and Bee Pollen Supplementation Attenuates CClCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2026Article
- The Relation of Zonulin and Intestinal Fatty Acid-binding Protein with Cognitive Functions in Patients with Bipolar Disorder.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Occludin-mediated barrier dysfunction and its role in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular pathogenesis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Occludin deficiency is associated with developmental impairment, locomotor dysfunction, and social deficiencies.Tissue barriers · 2026Article
- Bipolar and major depressive disorders: associations with serum zonulin levels and rs2070937 polymorphism.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Blood‑brain barrier dysfunction in schizophrenia: Mechanisms and implications (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Leaky Gut Biomarkers as Predictors of Depression and Suicidal Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pediatric migraine is characterized by traits of ecological and metabolic dysbiosis and inflammation.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- MITOCHONDRIAL ANTIVIRAL PATHWAYS CONTROL ANTI-HIV RESPONSES AND ISCHEMIC STROKE OUTCOMES VIA THE RIG-1 SIGNALING AND INNATE IMMUNITY MECHANISMS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of serum zonulin and occludin levels in obsessive-compulsive disorder and the effect of major depressive disorder comorbidity.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- The Importance of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Depressive Symptoms and Their Biological Consequences in Healthy Adults: Results of a Polish University Student Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Occludin: a gatekeeper of brain Infection by HIV-1.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe etiology of bipolar disorder (BD) is still not fully understood. Little is currently known about the relationship between the interaction the gastrointestinal system and brain function and BD. Zonulin is the only known physiological modulator of tight junctions and is a biomarker for intestinal permeability (IP). Occludin is an integral transmembrane tight junction protein involved in the maintenance and assembly of such junctions. The current study aims to determine whether zonulin and occludin levels are altered in BD and whether they can serve as clinical biomarkers of disease.
methodsForty-four patients with BD and 44 healthy controls were included in this study. The Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) was used to determine the severity of manic symptoms, while the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) was used to determine the severity of depressive symptoms, and the Brief Functioning Rating Scale (FAST) to assess functionality. Venous blood samples were taken from all participants and serum zonulin and occludin levels were measured.
resultsThe mean serum zonulin and occludin levels of the patients were significantly higher compared to the healthy control group. There was no difference between manic, depressive, and euthymic patients in terms of zonulin and occludin levels. There was no correlation between the total number of attacks, duration of disease, YMRS, HDRS, FAST scores, and zonulin and occludin levels in the patient group. The groups were divided into three according to body mass index as normal, overweight, and obese. Zonulin and occludin levels increased as body mass index increased and were highest in the obese group.
conclusionThe study shows that zonulin and occludin levels in BD increase independently of the disease stage. Consideration of the role of IP in the pathogenesis of BD may be helpful in determining the appropriate treatment modality.
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