ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2023
The unique properties of IgG4 and its roles in health and disease.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association between serum immunoglobulin G4 levels and Graves' ophthalmopathy: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Characterization of the neuromuscular manifestations in patients with IgG4-related disease: a systematic review.Immunologic research · 2025Pooled it
- Levels of IgG subclasses 1-4 in BT595, a 10% IVIG: A sub-analysis of a clinical trial.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Firsekibart, an Anti-interleukin-1β Monoclonal Antibody, in Healthy Chinese Participants: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Study.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Efficacy and safety of JMT103 in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors: A randomized Phase Ib clinical trial.International journal of cancer · 2025Trial
- B cells and humoral immunity in melanoma: regulatory and autoimmune-like features and implications for immunotherapy.Oncoimmunology · 2026Review
- Immunological imprinting shapes the cross-reactive antibody responses to the KP.2 and LP.8.1 vaccine doses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- PRSS1 isoforms promote type 2 immune responses in IgG4-related disease.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Generation and Characterization of the Human Anti-HTNV Antibody KJJ4.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Elevated serum IgG1, complement activation, and clinical severity in IgG4-related disease: a comprehensive subgroup analysis.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Human Antibody Isotypes, Subclasses, Allotypes and Fc Biology: Clinical Implications in Infectious Diseases, Autoimmunity, and Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Vaccination-first immune priming shapes a sustained mRNA vaccine-induced IgG4 class switch that associates with SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection risk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tuberculosis treatment and cytotoxic immune signatures: a longitudinal study.Journal of clinical tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases · 2026Article
- Involvement of B Cell Subsets in Patients With Steven Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (SJS/TEN).Allergy · 2026Article
- Human monoclonal and polyclonal anti-ADAMTS13 antibodies in immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: variable mechanisms of inhibition.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2026Article
- Pathological Allostery in ADAMTS13: Autoantibody-Induced Modulation and Its Role in Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (iTTP).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Glycosylation profile ofiScience · 2026Article
- Anti-Toxocara canis seroreactivity across autoimmune rheumatic diseases with exploratory IgG4 and eosinophil-associated signals in systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross-sectional case-control study.Rheumatology international · 2026Article
- Impact of Repeated Antigen Exposure on Humoral Tolerance: Antidrug Antibodies After Single-Dose Versus Multi-dose Adalimumab.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Article
- IgA autoantibodies demonstrate a novel mechanism of MuSK myasthenia gravis pathology.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
IgG4 is the least abundant subclass of IgG in human serum and has unique functional features. IgG4 is largely unable to activate antibody-dependent immune effector responses and, furthermore, undergoes Fab (fragment antigen binding)-arm exchange, rendering it bispecific for antigen binding and functionally monovalent. These properties of IgG4 have a blocking effect, either on the immune response or on the target protein of IgG4. In this Review, we discuss the unique structural characteristics of IgG4 and how these contribute to its roles in health and disease. We highlight how, depending on the setting, IgG4 responses can be beneficial (for example, in responses to allergens or parasites) or detrimental (for example, in autoimmune diseases, in antitumour responses and in anti-biologic responses). The development of novel models for studying IgG4 (patho)physiology and understanding how IgG4 responses are regulated could offer insights into novel treatment strategies for these IgG4-associated disease settings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.