ArticleMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2023
Classification of triple-negative breast cancer based on pathway enrichment levels.
Article in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative proteomics analysis of triple-negative breast cancers.NPJ precision oncology · 2025Article
- Analysis of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in TNBC cell-cell interactions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing: Opening New Horizons for Breast Cancer Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Small Molecule Therapeutics in the Pipeline Targeting for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Origin, Challenges, Opportunities, and Mechanisms of Action.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Gene set enrichment analysis identifies immune subtypes of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma with significantly different molecular and clinical properties.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly heterogeneous in the stromal and immune microenvironment, genome integrity, oncogenic signatures, and metabolic processes. However, a classification of TNBC by combining these features remains lacking. Here we classified TNBC based on the enrichment levels of 14 pathways related to immune, stromal, oncogenic and metabolic signatures by unsupervised clustering. In three bulk tumor transcriptome datasets and a single cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-seq) dataset, we consistently identified four TNBC subtypes: Imm-E, Str-E, DR-E, and Met-E. Imm-E displayed the strongest immune signatures, the lowest intratumor heterogeneity (ITH), the highest global methylation levels, the lowest tumor purity, and the best prognosis. Str-E showed the strongest stromal signatures and TGF-β signaling. DR-E had the highest DNA repair activity, cell cycle activity, and genomic instability. Met-E demonstrated the strongest hormone metabolism and signaling, the highest ITH, the lowest genomic instability, and the worst prognosis. The subtyping of TNBC provides novel insights into tumor biology and clinical implications for this disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.