ArticleJournal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA2023
Using AI-generated suggestions from ChatGPT to optimize clinical decision support.
Article in Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 172 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
172 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Trust in Artificial Intelligence-Based Clinical Decision Support Systems Among Health Care Workers: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Improving large language model applications in biomedicine with retrieval-augmented generation: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and clinical development guidelines.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Pooled it
- Artificial intelligence in dysphagia since the 21st century: a bibliometric and visualization study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Applications and Concerns of ChatGPT and Other Conversational Large Language Models in Health Care: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Experience of Health Care Professionals Using Digital Tools in the Hospital: Qualitative Systematic Review.JMIR human factors · 2023Pooled it
- ChatGPT-generated help produces learning gains equivalent to human tutor-authored help on mathematics skills.PloS one · 2024Trial
- Large language models and conditional rules in clinical decision support systems.Health information science and systems · 2026Article
- Attitudes Toward Large Language Models in Health Care and Preferences for Their Adoption and Oversight Among Health Care Professionals: Cross-Sectional Survey.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- How do Artificial Intelligence chatbots respond to questions from adolescent personas about their eating, body weight or appearance?Child and adolescent mental health · 2026Article
- Prediction of Postoperative Vomiting Within 24 Hours Using Machine Learning With Large Language Model-Enhanced Interpretability: Development and Validation Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2026Article
- Assessing Pain Catastrophizing Through Free-Text Responses: A Validation of Large Language Models.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Tutorial: guidance on the use of large language models for medical research.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Factors Shaping Trust and Satisfaction With AI Medical Chatbots: A Mixed Methods Vignette Survey of Caregivers Seeking Guidance on Pediatric Infectious Diseases.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- From Promising Capabilities to Pervasive Bias: Assessing Large Language Models for Emergency Department Triage.Journal of healthcare informatics research · 2026Article
- Perioperative Risk Stratification with AI-Powered Chatbots: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- The Mediation of AI Trust on AI Uncertainties and AI Competence Among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of advanced nursing · 2026Article
- Beyond GPT-4: The Rapidly Evolving Potential of Large Language Models for Clinical Guideline Improvement.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Integrating Generative AI Into Patient-Centered Clinical Decision Support: Viewpoint on Research and Practice Considerations.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Real World Human-LLM Interactions - Prospective blinded versus unblinded expert physician assessments of LLM responses to complex medical dilemmas.PLOS digital health · 2026Article
- Article
112 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine if ChatGPT can generate useful suggestions for improving clinical decision support (CDS) logic and to assess noninferiority compared to human-generated suggestions.
methodsWe supplied summaries of CDS logic to ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence (AI) tool for question answering that uses a large language model, and asked it to generate suggestions. We asked human clinician reviewers to review the AI-generated suggestions as well as human-generated suggestions for improving the same CDS alerts, and rate the suggestions for their usefulness, acceptance, relevance, understanding, workflow, bias, inversion, and redundancy.
resultsFive clinicians analyzed 36 AI-generated suggestions and 29 human-generated suggestions for 7 alerts. Of the 20 suggestions that scored highest in the survey, 9 were generated by ChatGPT. The suggestions generated by AI were found to offer unique perspectives and were evaluated as highly understandable and relevant, with moderate usefulness, low acceptance, bias, inversion, redundancy.
conclusionAI-generated suggestions could be an important complementary part of optimizing CDS alerts, can identify potential improvements to alert logic and support their implementation, and may even be able to assist experts in formulating their own suggestions for CDS improvement. ChatGPT shows great potential for using large language models and reinforcement learning from human feedback to improve CDS alert logic and potentially other medical areas involving complex, clinical logic, a key step in the development of an advanced learning health system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.