ArticleThe Lancet. Microbe2023
Tracking antimalarial drug resistance using mosquito blood meals: a cross-sectional study.
Article in The Lancet. Microbe, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Changing Species Dynamics and Species-Specific Associations Observed between Anopheles and Plasmodium Genera in Diebougou Health District, Southwest Burkina Faso.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2026Article
- A Novel Inhibitor against the Bromodomain Protein 1 of the Malaria Pathogen Plasmodium Falciparum.ChemMedChem · 2025Article
- Combating Malaria: Targeting the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System to Conquer Drug Resistance.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Review
- Probing the Antiplasmodial Properties of Plakortinic Acids C and D: An Uncommon Pair of Marine Peroxide-Polyketides Isolated from a Two-Sponge Association ofLife (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundStrong surveillance systems with wide geographic coverage are needed to detect and respond to reports of antimalarial drug resistance on the African continent. We aimed to assess the utility and feasibility of using blood-fed mosquitos (xenomonitoring) to conduct rapid surveillance of molecular markers associated with resistance in human populations.
methodsWe conducted three cross-sectional surveys in two rainy seasons and the interim dry season in southwest Burkina Faso between Oct 10, 2018, and Sept 17, 2019. We collected human blood samples and blood-fed mosquitos residing in household clusters across seven village sectors. Samples were assessed for Plasmodium falciparum with ultrasensitive quantitative PCR, genotyped for two markers of reduced drug susceptibility, pfmdr1 256A>T (Asn86Tyr) and pfcrt 227A>C (Lys76Thr), and sequenced for four markers of clonality. We assessed statistical equivalence using a 10% margin of equivalence.
findingsWe identified 551 infections in 1483 human blood samples (mean multiplicity of infection [MOI] 1·94, SD 1·47) and 346 infections in 2151 mosquito blood meals (mean MOI 2·2, SD 1·67). The frequency of pfmdr1 Asn86Tyr was 4% in survey 1, 2% in survey 2, and 12% in survey 3 in human samples, and 3% in survey 1, 0% in survey 2, and 8% in survey 3 in mosquito blood meals, and inter-host frequencies were statistically equivalent in surveys 1 and 2 (p<0·0001) but not Survey 3 (p=0·062) within a tolerability of 0·10. The frequency of pfcrt Lys76Thr was 16% in survey 1, 55% in survey 2, and 11% in survey 3 in humans and 40% in survey 1, 72% in survey 2, and 13% in survey 3 in mosquitos, and inter-host frequencies were equivalent in survey 3 only (p=0·032) within a tolerability of 0·10. In simulations, multiple but not preferential feeding behaviour in mosquitos reduced the accuracy of frequency estimates between hosts, particularly for markers circulating at higher frequencies.
interpretationMolecular markers in mosquito blood meals and in humans exhibited similar temporal trends but frequencies were not statistically equivalent in all scenarios. More work is needed to determine empirical and pragmatic thresholds of difference. Xenomonitoring might be an efficient tool to provide rapid information on emerging antimalarial resistance in regions with insufficient surveillance.
fundingNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. TRANSLATION: For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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