Trial reportTrials2023
Effect of a customized digital adherence tool on retention in care and adherence to antiretroviral treatment in breastfeeding women, children and adolescents living with HIV in Tanzania: a mixed-methods study followed by clinical trials.
Trial report in Trials, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence in Children With HIV: A Review of Barriers and Strategies.AIDS research and treatment · 2026Review
- Implementation Strategies for Digital HIV Prevention and Care Interventions for Youth: A Scoping Review.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Article
- Can resistance testing improve outcomes for children and adolescents with HIV?The Lancet. Global health · 2024Article
- Developing contents for a digital adherence tool: A formative mixed-methods study among children and adolescents living with HIV in Tanzania.PLOS digital health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdherence to antiretroviral (ARV) treatment for HIV infection is challenging because of many factors. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended using digital adherence technologies (DATs). However, there is limited evidence on how DATs improve adherence. Wisepill® is an internet-enabled medication dispenser found feasible and acceptable in several studies. However, limited evidence is available on its effectiveness in improving ART adherence, specifically among children and adolescents. Furthermore, DATs are often developed without involving the target groups. We propose a two-stage project consisting of a formative study to customize an existing Wisepill DAT intervention and a randomized clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of DAT combined with reminder cues and tailored feedback on adherence to ARV treatment among children and adolescents living with HIV and retention in care among breastfeeding women living with HIV in Kilimanjaro and Arusha Region, Tanzania.
methodsWe will conduct a formative mixed-methods study and three sub-trials in Kilimanjaro and Arusha Regions among (1) children aged 0-14 years and their caregivers, (2) adolescents aged 15-19 years and (3) breastfeeding women and their HIV-negative infants. In the formative study, we will collect and analyse data on needs and contents for DATs, including the contents of short message service (SMS) texts and tailored feedback. The results will inform the customization of the DAT to be tested in the sub-trials. In the trials, participants will be randomized in the intervention arm, where the DAT will be implemented or the control arm, where standard care will be followed. Participants in the intervention arm will take their medication from the Wisepill box and receive daily reminder texts and tailored feedback during clinic visits. DISCUSSION: If the intervention improves adherence to ART and the devices are acceptable, accurate and sustainable, the intervention can be scaled up within the National Aids Control Programmes.
trial registrationPACTR202301844164954, date 27 January 2023.
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