ArticleBMC infectious diseases2023
Susceptibility antibiotic screening reveals high rates of multidrug resistance of Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter in HIV infected and uninfected patients from Mozambique.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of Plants Used for the Treatment of Diarrhea in Mozambique.BioMed research international · 2026Pooled it
- Combatting Salmonella: a focus on antimicrobial resistance and the need for effective vaccination.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Pooled it
- Progress on implementing the WHO-GLASS recommendations on priority pathogen-antibiotic sensitivity testing in Africa: AWellcome open research · 2024Pooled it
- Computational Design and Immunoinformatic Analysis of a Broad-Spectrum Edible Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against Salmonella for Poultry.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates of salmonella species producing extended spectrum beta lactamases as predictor of multidrug resistance in a tertiary hospital, Southeastern Nigeria.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Extended spectrum β-lactamase and integron genes among Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei isolated from children with diarrhea in shiraz, Southwest Iran.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of Salmonella and Shigella among under five children with diarrhea attending Bule Hora University Teaching Hospital, Bule Hora, West Guji, Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Transforming the Health Research Workforce in Mozambique: Achievements of the Mozambique Institute for Health Education and Research (MIHER) over a 13‑Year Journey.Annals of global health · 2024Article
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8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundAntibacterial resistance is a growing concern worldwide, including in Mozambique. Diarrhea is an important cause of mortality in Mozambique, yet few local studies have reported on the resistance of bacterial pathogens in this context. Therefore, this study aims to characterize antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Salmonella, Shigella and Campylobacter spp. among patients with diarrhea, including those who are HIV-infected and-uninfected.
methodsWe conducted antibiotic susceptibility testing on 157 stool isolates recovered from 129 patients aged between 0 and 80 years with diarrhea, including HIV infected (n = 68) and-uninfected individuals (n = 61), assisted at two health centers in Maputo city. The isolates comprised of 99 Salmonella, 45 Shigella and 13 Campylobacter strains. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used on Mueller-Hinton II agar for Salmonella and Shigella spp., while Mueller-Hinton II agar with 5% defibrinated sheep blood was used for Campylobacter spp. We tested six antibiotics listed on the national essential medicines list, including ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, azithromycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, and tetracycline.
resultsAll isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic. A high percentage of Salmonella spp. isolates were found to be resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (89.9%, n = 89), erythromycin (88.9%, n = 88) and tetracycline (76.8%, n = 76). In addition, 86.6% (n = 39) and 68.9% (n = 31) of Shigella isolates were resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline, respectively. The majority of Campylobacter isolates (92.3%, n = 12) were resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin and tetracycline. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 79.8% of Salmonella spp., 76.9% of Campylobacter spp., and 57.8% of Shigella spp. Drug susceptibility profiles for Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter were similar in both HIV-1 infected and uninfected patients. However, Shigella spp. isolates obtained from patients without HIV infection were significantly more likely to be resistant to erythromycin, azithromycin or to exhibit multidrug resistance than those obtained from patients with HIV-1 infection (p < 0.05). All Shigella spp. and Campylobacter spp. isolates were susceptible to gentamicin.
conclusionOur study highlights concerning rates of antibiotic resistance and MDR among diarrheal bacterial pathogens in Mozambique. Further research is needed to understand the impact of HIV, ART therapy and immunosuppression on antibiotic resistance. Urgent interventions are essential to prevent the spread of resistant strains.
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