ArticleThe oncologist2023
Risk Factors for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy Toxicity Among Older Adults with Cancer.
Article in The oncologist, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated toxicities in older adults with cancer: recommendations from the International Society of Geriatric Oncology (SIOG).The Lancet. Oncology · 2025Guideline
- Practical Assessment and Management of Vulnerabilities in Older Patients Receiving Systemic Cancer Therapy: ASCO Guideline Update.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2023Guideline
- Health care use and costs associated with clinically impactful immune-related adverse events during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Factors Associated With Toxicity of FOLFIRINOX in Elderly Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.JCO oncology practice · 2026Article
- Risk factors for immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis: a retrospective multi-center cohort study using electronic health records.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Adverse drug reaction assessment of pembrolizumab and nivolumab in esophageal cancer treatment based on the US FAERS database.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Impact of Immune-Related Adverse Event Severity on Prognosis in Elderly Patients With Nonsmall-Cell Lung Cancer in First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment.Thoracic cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Geriatric Assessment in the Era of Targeted and Immunotherapy.Drugs & aging · 2024Review
- Article
- Safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients aged over 80 years: a retrospective cohort study.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesImmune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (IO) is revolutionizing cancer care but can lead to significant toxicity. This study seeks to describe potential risk factors for immune-related adverse events (irAEs) specifically among older adults. MATERIALS AND
methodsThis was a retrospective study at a single academic comprehensive cancer center based on chart review data abstracted by physicians. For patients aged ≥70 years, frequency, type, and grade of irAEs and their association with baseline patient demographics, comorbidities, mobility, and functional status were characterized using bivariate analysis. Based on those results, multivariable logistic regressions were constructed to model the association between these characteristics with any grade and grade 3 or higher irAEs.
resultsData were analyzed for 238 patients aged ≥70 years who received IO for mostly (≥90%) advanced cancer between 2011 and 2018. Thirty-nine percent of older adults experienced an irAE and 13% experienced one that was grade 3 or higher. In the multivariable analysis, depression was associated with an increased incidence of any grade irAE, while decreased life-space mobility was associated with an increased incidence of grade ≥3 irAEs.
conclusionMost characteristics of special interest among older adults, include fall risk, weight loss, cognitive limitations, and hearing loss, were not associated with irAEs in our study. However, decreased life-space mobility and depression are potential risk factors for IO toxicity among older adults with advanced cancer. Interventions designed to evaluate and mitigate modifiable risk factors for treatment-related toxicity are needed, and the results of this study may be useful for guiding those efforts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.