Observational studyAnnals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine2023
The Perceived Stress Scale as a Measure of Stress: Decomposing Score Variance in Longitudinal Behavioral Medicine Studies.
Observational study in Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06726018 (Exploring Pain Modulation Mechanisms), which is not on this map. Cited by 101 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring Pain Modulation Mechanisms: A Study of TMS and Repeated Conditioned Pain Modulation
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Perinatal Mental Health Detection and Prediction Using Mobile Sensing Data: Systematic Review.JMIR mental health · 2026Pooled it
- Factors associated with mental health disorders in undergraduate students: A meta-analysis.Narra J · 2025Pooled it
- Early interventions for primary care patients with stress-related mental ill health: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial of a nurse-led collaborative care intervention versus cognitive behavioural therapy.BMJ mental health · 2026Trial
- Group-based trajectory modelling of multiple health outcomes in a cost-consequence framework: a randomized controlled trial of a remote person-centred care intervention for people with common mental disorders in Sweden.Journal of patient-reported outcomes · 2026Trial
- Almond Supplementation Improves Acne Lesions and Skin Microbial Diversity in Adults with Mild to Moderate Acne Vulgaris.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha (Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Trial
- Trial
- A New Ashwagandha Formulation (Zenroot™) Alleviates Stress and Anxiety Symptoms While Improving Mood and Sleep Quality: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Does a Single Exercise Session Reduce the Reactivity to Acute Psychosocial Stress in Children?European journal of sport science · 2025Trial
- Maternal stress is associated with oral microbiota diversity patterns in pregnant women in Quito, Ecuador.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Ecological Momentary Assessment Reveals Greater Anxiety and Marked Instability of Urinary Urgency in Overactive Bladder.International urogynecology journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Forecasting stress transitions using ecological momentary assessment data and machine learning.Internet interventions · 2026Article
- Association between per- and polyfluoroalkyl exposures and postpartum psychological symptoms: Evidence from two population-based pregnancy cohorts.Environmental research · 2026Article
- Article
- Perceived Stress Scale: Psychometric Validation in Spanish University Nursing Students and Applications for Mental Health.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2026Article
- Development of Academic Procrastination Model for Nursing Students at Institute of National Importance: Expanding Horizons in Nursing Education.Florence Nightingale journal of nursing · 2026Article
- Evaluation of virtual reality-based meditation as a tool to mitigate stress among parents and providers in the neonatal intensive care unit.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Association between perceived stress and metabolic parameters: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Review
- Perceived Social Support, Study-Related Stress, and Depressive Symptoms in Saudi Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is a widely used measure designed to assess perceptions of recent stress. However, it is unclear to what extent the construct assessed by the PSS represents factors that are stable versus variable within individuals, and how these components might vary over time. PURPOSE: Determine the degree to which variability in repeated PSS assessments is attributable to between-person versus within-person variance in two different studies and populations.
methodsSecondary analyses utilized data from two studies with up to 13 PSS assessments: An observational study of 127 patients with heart failure followed over 39 months (Study 1), and an experimental study of 73 younger, healthy adults followed over 12 months (Study 2). Multilevel linear mixed modeling was used to estimate sources of variance in the PSS total and subscale scores across assessments.
resultsBetween-person variance accounted for a large proportion of the total variance in PSS total scores in Study 1 (42.3%) and Study 2 (51.1%); within-person variance comprised the remainder. Between-person variance was higher for shorter assessment periods (e.g., 1 week), and was comparable when examining only the first 12 months of assessments in each study (52.9% vs. 51.1%).
conclusionsWithin two samples differing in age and health status, between-person variance accounted for approximately half of the total variation in PSS scores over time. While within-person variance was observed, the construct assessed by the PSS may substantially reflect a more stable characteristic of how an individual perceives stressful life circumstances than previously appreciated.
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