ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2023
Neighborhood-level association between release from incarceration and fatal overdose, Rhode Island, 2016-2020.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- COVID-19-related role disruption and alcohol use disorder risk among adults in South Korea.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Trajectories of neighborhood-level overdose risk predictions for prioritization of harm reduction services: Results from the PROVIDENT study.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Evaluating the predictive performance of different data sources to forecast overdose deaths at the neighborhood level with machine learning in Rhode Island.Preventive medicine · 2025Article
- "Expected to happen": perspectives on post-release overdose from recently incarcerated people with opioid use disorder.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
- Association between willingness to use an overdose prevention center and probation or parole status among people who use drugs in Rhode Island.Harm reduction journal · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The association between recent release from incarceration and dramatically increased risk of fatal overdose is well-established at the individual level. Fatal overdose and. arrest/release are spatially clustered, suggesting that this association may persist at the neighborhood level. We analyzed multicomponent data from Rhode Island, 2016-2020, and observed a modest association at the census tract level between rates of release per 1000 population and fatal overdose per 100,000 person-years, adjusting for spatial autocorrelation in both the exposure and outcome. Our results suggest that for each additional person released to a given census tract per 1000 population, there is a corresponding increase in the rate of fatal overdose by 2 per 100,000 person years. This association is more pronounced in suburban tracts, where each additional release awaiting trial is associated with an increase in the rate of fatal overdose of 4 per 100,000 person-years and 6 per 100,000 person-years for each additional release following sentence expiration. This association is not modified by the presence or absence of a licensed medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment provider in the same or surrounding tracts. Our results suggest that neighborhood-level release rates are moderately informative as to tract-level rates of fatal overdose and underscore the importance of expanding pre-release MOUD access in correctional settings. Future research should explore risk and resource environments particularly in suburban and rural areas and their impacts on overdose risk among individuals returning to the community.
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